A Guide to the Walter Freeman/James Watts, papers

Historical or Biographical Note

The Walter Freeman/James Watts collection, originally donated to the Himmelfarb Library of The George Washington University Medical School in 1980, was transferred to University Archives in April 2000. The collection represents the work of the first American team of doctors in psychosurgery. Dr. Walter Freeman (1895-1972) and his colleague Dr. James Winston Watts (1904-1994), developed a technique for neurosurgery on the frontal lobes of the brain commonly known as "lobotomy." Although considered a somewhat primitive practice by today's standards, this operation achieved a certain amount of success in significant numbers of patients suffering from severe depression, anxiety, and nervousness, and pain. (Success rate figures vary greatly.)

The collection consists of 77.5 linear feet, with materials dated from 1918-1988 (bulk 1940-1965).

This collection is of great value to scholars interested in the development of psychosurgery in the United States, since Freeman and Watts were pioneers in the field. (The first and second editions of their book Psychosurgery in the Treatment of Mental Disorders and Intractable Pain, published in 1942 and 1950, respectively, are contained in the collection.) Another collection in U niversity Archives related to this subject is the Thelma Hunt Papers, who was a Professor of Psychology at GW, and collaborated with Freeman and Watts on their book.

Walter Jackson Freeman II (1895-1972) earned world-wide fame for his work in the field of lobotomy. Freeman was born Philadelphia on Nov. 14, 1895 and received an A.B. from Yale in 1916, an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1920, and a Ph.D. from Georgetown University in 1931. He was professor of neurology at The George Washington University from 1926-1954, and became fascinated with psychosurgery (the scientific treatment of mental disorders by means of brain surgery). Freeman left GW in 1954 but continued his work in California, performing lobotomies and following-up on patients he had cared for up until his death on May 31 1972. He married Marjorie Lorne Franklin in 1924, and they had six children.

James Winston Watts (1904-1994) partnered with Freeman until 1949. He was born in Lynchburg, Virginia and graduated from the Virginia Military Institute and the University of Virginia Medical School in 1928 (where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and Alpha Omega Alpha honorary societies). He worked with John Fulton at Yale as a research fellow after medical school, and in 1935 joined the staff of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Surgery at The George Washington University Hospital, where he remained until his retirement in 1969. He was married to Julia Harrison Watts and had two children. After his official retirement, Watts continued to work with the George Washington University Medical Center (including an oral history project) into the late 1980's and he died in 1994.

The study of psychosurgery has its origins in the last decades of the nineteenth century, when Gottlieb Burckhardt, a Swiss physician, performed operations in 1891 to remove parts of the cortex of six schizophrenic patients. After the surgery, some of the patients became calmer, although Burkhardt was criticized by medical authorities at the time for performing such a radical procedure. In the 1930's, Egas Moniz, a Portuguese neuropsychiatrist, built on the work Carlyse Jacobsen and John Fulton had done on primates. He proposed operating on a human subject, surgically cutting the nerve fibers connecting the frontal and prefrontal cortex to the thalamus, which is responsible for relaying sensory information to the cortex. In this way, Moniz reasoned, an interruption of the disruptive thoughts and behaviors of the psychotic patient might occur. Working with a colleague, he developed a surgical technique called leukotomy, in which holes were drilled in the head and a special wire knife, called a leukotome, was inserted into the brain matter. Moniz reported that in several cases severely agitated, anxious, or depressed patients showed improvement in their symptoms, although he cautioned using this technique as a last resort only. Walter Freeman read Moniz's reports, and embraced the idea of leukotomy. In September of 1936 Freeman and Watts operated on a 63 year-old woman who was suffering from depression, agitation, and fear. Following the operation, she was calm and her sense of terror seemed to have disappeared. After performing several more procedures, they published their first report in November, stating that anxiety, confusion, phobias, hallucinations, and delusions had been relieved or erased entirely in some patients. There was a down side to the procedure, which the doctors recognized, saying "Every patient probably loses something by this operation, some sparkle, some spontaneity, some flavor of their personality." Freeman and Watts changed the name of the procedure from "leukotomy" to "lobotomy," to distinguish their technique from that used by Moniz. They perfected what came to be known as the "Freeman-Watts Procedure," after much experimentation, but began to perceive the limitations of this operation early on. The initial professional reaction to the operations drew outraged responses from psychoanalysts and psychiatrists, although these reservations were not voiced to the public at the time. The introduction and wide acceptance around this time of shock therapies soon appeared a more acceptable alternative to lobotomies. Freeman was a neurologist, and neurologists had traditionally taken the view that there were physical causes for mental illness that required physical treatment. Psychiatrists on the other hand had argued that mental disorder was exclusively a problem of the mind. In the end, it was overcrowded institutions and limited mental health budgets that persuaded the medical community to adopt lobotomy as a popular course of treatment. The economic arguments were very strong: a lobotomy could be performed for $250 while it could cost $35,000 or more a year to maintain a patient in a hospital.

Walter Freeman was very good at convincing the press about the promises of lobotomy, and pushed it as a valid procedure. Up until 1945, Freeman had never actually performed a lobotomy himself, and wanted to develop a version of the operation that could be performed not just by neurosurgeons, but by anyone. During the winter of 1945, Freeman tried to develop a trans orbital (entry above the eye) approach to lobotomy, practicing on corpses. The instruments he and Watts were using were not strong enough to penetrate the orbital bone and kept breaking. Needing an implement that was slender, sharp, and strong, Freeman found precisely what he was looking for in a cheap, mass produced ice pick. Adapting it with a special hammer shaped head (which allowed easier manipulation), this instrument was used in the first trans orbital lobotomies in America in a procedure that came to be known as the "ice pick lobotomy." Armed with his new tool, Freeman was convinced that a trans orbital would be a simple piece of surgery not requiring the assistance of a neurosurgeon. He decided that he would operate on his first living patient without telling Watts, not dwelling on his own lack of surgical experience.

By his tenth patient, Freeman felt confident enough to inform Watts of what he had been doing. Watts was not happy, since he believed only a trained neurosurgeon should perform such an operation, and threatened to break with Freeman if he continued. It was the beginning of the end of their relationship and within months Watts left the joint practice they ran. By 1948, when Freeman was elected president of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, the Freeman Watts standard lobotomy had been performed on as many as 20,000 individuals worldwide. In 1949, Egas Moniz won the Nobel Prize for Medicine for his pioneering work in psychosurgery, which in turn lent increased credibility to the practice of lobotomies. Between 1939 and 1951, some 18,000 lobotomies had been performed in the United States alone. By the early 1950's, rumblings about the effects of the lobotomy could be heard, as it was being used as a first, rather than a last resort by doctors. Post operative infections and fatalities were common, with autopsies showing large areas of the brain, not just selective nerves, being destroyed. It was impossible to judge recovery in many patients, and the inert, emotionless, inhuman, quality of those lobotomized began to revolt the public. Lobotomies were finally seen for what they were: not a cure, but a way of managing patients. It was seen by many doctors as just another form of restraint, and as some have put it, a mental straitjacket applied permanently over the brain.

For more information on Freeman/Watts and lobotomy, see the following websites:

http://www.geocities.com/~themistyone/freeman01.htm

http://www.psychosurgery.org/index.htm

N.B. This history note was written in 2005

Collection Organization

Organized into 5 series: Walter Freeman Papers; James Watts Papers; Publications - General; George Washington University Hospital; and Patient Records (patient files, case reports).

Subject Terms

Freeman, Walter
Watts, James W. (James Winston)
Moniz, Egas
Hirose, Sadao
George Washington University
George Washington University. School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Walter Freeman/James Watts, papers
Neurology
Frontal lobotomy
Psychosurgery
United States
Washington (D.C.)
Portugal
Paris (France)
Rome (Italy)

Detailed Description of the Records

MS0803/001: Walter Freeman Papers

11.5 Linear feet

This series comprises the papers of Dr. Walter Freeman. It consists of 11.5 linear feet of material, and ranges in date from 1918-72. It is divided into the following groups: correspondence; personal papers; manuscripts; publications; conferences, papers, lectures; research; books; photographs; and artifacts.

The correspondence material consists of 3 linear feet, including Christmas cards former patients exchanged with Dr. Freeman over the years. The materials are arranged chronologically by subject and range in date from 1923-72. Prominent in this sub-series is Freeman's correspondence with Egas Moniz, correspondence while living abroad in Paris and Rome after graduating from medical school, and correspondence with publisher Charles C. Thomas regarding the book Psychosurgery published in 1942.

The personal papers material consists of 1 linear foot of Freeman's lecture notes while a medical student while at the University of Pennsylvania, and notes on essays on various subjects, as well as Freeman's C.V. and an FBI report on him (gift of Walter Freeman III in November 2003). The materials are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1918-72.

The manuscripts material consists of 1.5 linear foot of Freeman's writings (unless otherwise noted), including "Adventures in Lobotomy" (incomplete), a paper outlining the development of the department of neurology at GW, and his autobiography. This series also includes two theses about Freeman written by students at Harvard University. The materials are arrange alphabetically and range in date from ca.1920-88.

The publications material consists of 2.5 linear feet of Freeman's publications, and includes ten bound volumes (which contain a list of articles), and others are listed individually. Many of the publications were co-authored with James Watts. They are arranged chronologically and range in date from 1921-71.

The conferences, papers, lectures material consists of 1 linear foot of materials related to conferences Freeman attended and papers he presented. The materials are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1919-68.

The research material consists of 0.5 linear feet of Freeman's research notes and reports. The materials are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1921-61.

The books material consists of 1 linear feet of books written by Freeman, and include Psychosurgery (1942 and 1950 editions, as well as the manuscript for 1942 edition) and Neuropathology: The Anatomical Foundation of Nervous Diseases (1933). It also contains news clippings and magazine articles on Freeman and lobotomy. The material ranges in date from 1923-80.

The photographs material consists of 0.5 linear feet, and includes a photo of Freeman and Watts operating on a patient, Egas Moniz, the portrait of Freeman that hangs in Himmelfarb Library, and family photos. They are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1916-71.

The artifacts material consists of 0.5 linear feet of medical instruments belonging to Dr. Freeman, including leucotomes and an ice pick that Freeman may have used to perform transorbial lobotomies).

Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 1]
Correspondence: General 1938-1953

[Box 1 Folder 1]
Correspondence: General 1946

[Box 1 Folder 2]
Correspondence: General 1947

[Box 1 Folder 3]
Correspondence: General 1951-1953

[Box 1 Folder 4]
Correspondence General 1954

[Box 1 Folder 5]
Correspondence: General 1955

[Box 1 Folder 6]
Correspondence: General [1/2] 1956

[Box 1 Folder 7]
Correspondence: General [2/2] 1956

[Box 1 Folder 8]
Correspondence: General 1957

[Box 1 Folder 9]
Correspondence: General 1958-1959

[Box 1 Folder 10]
Correspondence: General 1960

[Box 1 Folder 11]
Correspondence: General 1961

[Box 1 Folder 12]
Correspondence: General 1962

[Box 1 Folder 13]
Correspondence: General 1963

[Box 1 Folder 14]
Correspondence: General 1964

[Box 1 Folder 15]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 2]
Correspondence: General 1965

[Box 2 Folder 1]
Correspondence: General 1966

[Box 2 Folder 2]
Correspondence: General 1967

[Box 2 Folder 3]
Correspondence: General [1/2] 1968

[Box 2 Folder 4]
Correspondence: General [2/2] 1968

[Box 2 Folder 5]
Correspondence: General 1969-1970

[Box 2 Folder 6]
Correspondence: American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology 1957-1959

[Box 2 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher - Contracts 1941

[Box 2 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher (including reviews of "Psychosurgery") 1940

[Box 2 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1941

[Box 2 Folder 10]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1942-1943

[Box 2 Folder 11]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1945-1949

[Box 2 Folder 12]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1950

[Box 2 Folder 13]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1951

[Box 2 Folder 14]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 3]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1952

[Box 3 Folder 1]
Correspondence: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher 1953-1956

[Box 3 Folder 2]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1956

[Box 3 Folder 3]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [1/3] 1957

[Box 3 Folder 4]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [2/3] 1957

[Box 3 Folder 5]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [3/3] 1957

[Box 3 Folder 6]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1960

[Box 3 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1961

[Box 3 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1962

[Box 3 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [1/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 10]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [2/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 11]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [3/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 12]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [4/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 13]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [5/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 14]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [6/7] 1963

[Box 3 Folder 15]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 4]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [7/7] 1963

[Box 4 Folder 1]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [1/4] 1964

[Box 4 Folder 2]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [2/4] 1964

[Box 4 Folder 3]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [3/4] 1964

[Box 4 Folder 4]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [4/4] 1964

[Box 4 Folder 5]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1965

[Box 4 Folder 6]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards 1966

[Box 4 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [1/4] 1967

[Box 4 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [2/4] 1967

[Box 4 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [3/4] 1967

[Box 4 Folder 10]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [4/4] 1967

[Box 4 Folder 11]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [1/5] 1968

[Box 4 Folder 12]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 5]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [2/5] 1968

[Box 5 Folder 1]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [3/5] 1968

[Box 5 Folder 2]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [4/5] 1968

[Box 5 Folder 3]
Correspondence: Christmas Cards [5/5] 1968

[Box 5 Folder 4]
Correspondence: Davidson Lecture Fund 1943

[Box 5 Folder 5]
Correspondence: Hirose, Sadao 1955-1972

[Box 5 Folder 6]
Correspondence: Letters of acknowledgement for reprints 1957-1959

[Box 5 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Letters of acknowledgement for reprints 1961-1967

[Box 5 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1936

[Box 5 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1937

[Box 5 Folder 10]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1938

[Box 5 Folder 11]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1939-1940

[Box 5 Folder 12]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1942

[Box 5 Folder 13]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1943

[Box 5 Folder 14]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1944

[Box 5 Folder 15]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1945

[Box 5 Folder 16]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1946

[Box 5 Folder 17]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1947

[Box 5 Folder 18]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1948

[Box 5 Folder 19]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1949

[Box 5 Folder 20]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1950-1952

[Box 5 Folder 21]
Correspondence: Death of Egas Moniz 1955

[Box 5 Folder 22]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 6]
Correspondence: regarding book "Psychosurgery," 1941-1942

[Box 6 Folder 1]
Correspondence: regarding Dr. Luigi Perria 1951

[Box 6 Folder 2]
Correspondence: resignation from St. Elizabeth’s Hospital 1933

[Box 6 Folder 3]
Correspondence: West Virginia Psychological Project 1956-1957

[Box 6 Folder 4]
Correspondence: Personal Correspondence and sketches (Paris) 1923

[Box 6 Folder 5]
Correspondence: Personal Correspondence and sketches (Rome and Vienna) 1923-1924

[Box 6 Folder 6]
Correspondence: PersonalCorrespondence and sketches [1/3] 1924-1926

[Box 6 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Personal Correspondence and sketches [2/3] 1924-1926

[Box 6 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Personal Correspondence and sketches [3/3] 1924-1926

[Box 6 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Personal Letter to Yale roommate’s father 11/28/1918

[Box 6 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: "The Ambulance by An Interne" by Walter Freeman 1919 ca.

[Box 6 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: Application for Renewal of Narcotic Privileges 1949-1952

[Box 6 Folder 12]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 7]
Personal Papers: Bills and Insurance Policy 1939-1948

[Box 7 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: "Collection of Themes" 1918

[Box 7 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Correspondence between Dr. Keen and Adm. Stitt regarding appointment of Freeman (grandson of Keen) 1924

[Box 7 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: Curriculum Vitae and FBI Report on Freeman

Donation from Walter Freeman III, November 2003

[Box 7 Folder 4]
Personal Papers: D.C. Unemployment and Social Security taxes 1945

[Box 7 Folder 5]
Personal Papers: D.C. Unemployment and Social Security taxes 1946

[Box 7 Folder 6]
Personal Papers: D.C. Unemployment and Social Security taxes 1947

[Box 7 Folder 7]
Personal Papers: D.C. Unemployment and Social Security taxes 1948

[Box 7 Folder 8]
Personal Papers: Effect of Thawing on the CO2 Production of Sciatic Nerve of Frog. 1919 ca.

[Box 7 Folder 9]
Personal Papers: "Five Elements - And Life" 1924

[Box 7 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: Good Driving Contest, by Walter Freeman 1915 ca.

[Box 7 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: H. Douglas Singer and the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, by Walter Freeman 1939

[Box 7 Folder 12]
Personal Papers: Handbook of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. 1939

[Box 7 Folder 13]

Personal Papers: Lecture notes in General Pathology and Physiology, University of Pennsylvania (notes taken by Walter Freeman) [1/3] 1917-1918

[Box 7 Folder 14]

Personal Papers: Lecture notes in General Pathology and Physiology, University of Pennsylvania (notes taken by Walter Freeman) [2/3] 1917-1918

[Box 7 Folder 15]

Personal Papers: Lecture notes in General Pathology and Physiology, University of Pennsylvania (notes taken by Walter Freeman) [3/3] 1917-1918

[Box 7 Folder 16]

Personal Papers: Obituary of Earl Baldwin McKinley 1938

[Box 7 Folder 17]

Personal Papers: Lectures and Clinics on Medicine and Surgery and Allied Subjects, University of Pennsylvania (notes taken by Walter Freeman) 1918-1920

[Box 7 Folder 18]

Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 8]
Personal Papers: On Beards, With Special Reference to My Own 1935 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: Perspectives on the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, by Hugo Carmichael 1963

[Box 8 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Preliminary Lecture by Dr. Monro on Surgery and Medicine, notes compiled by Walter Freeman 1916 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: Psychological Plaques by Walter Freeman 1933

[Box 8 Folder 4]
Personal Papers: "Maternity: Abstract of a letter of a student Intern to a friend" 1918 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 5]
Personal Papers: Obituary 1972

[Box 8 Folder 6]
Personal Papers: The Religion of Science 1920 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 7]
Personal Papers: Santa Clara-Monterey Psychiatric Society "Let George Do It" 03/09/1959

[Box 8 Folder 8]
Personal Papers: Suppressed magazine article "Lobotomy-Commies Secret for World Domination," 09/1956

[Box 8 Folder 9]
Personal Papers: To the Little Unseen (poem about the developing child) 1955

[Box 8 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: Trip of the month to Europe in 12/1956

[Box 8 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: Walter Reed Army Hospital employment 1951-1954

[Box 8 Folder 12]
Manuscripts: Adventures in Lobotomy: Eqas Moniz, Chapter 1

[Box 8 Folder 13]
Manuscripts: Adventures in Lobotomy: The Fourth Estate, Chapter 4

[Box 8 Folder 14]
Manuscripts: Adventures in Lobotomy: Drive-ins and Jute Boxes, Chapter 5

[Box 8 Folder 15]
Manuscripts: Adventures in Lobotomy: Saw Dust Trail, Chapter 6

[Box 8 Folder 16]
Manuscripts: Adventures in Lobotomy: Prefrontal Lobotomy, Chapter 7

[Box 8 Folder 17]
Manuscripts: Air Castles [from Diseased Imaginations] 07/1958

[Box 8 Folder 18]
Manuscripts: Chemical Flogging 1920 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 19]
Manuscripts: Democracy versus Autocracy in the Home (Children and Adult Behavior) 1930 ca.

[Box 8 Folder 20]
Manuscripts: The Development of Neurology at GWU 1925-1954

[Box 8 Folder 21]
Manuscripts: Drugs that Affect the Mind 1960

[Box 8 Folder 22]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 9]
Manuscripts: Freeman’s Autobiography (original 342 pages) 1970 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: Freeman’s Autobiography (reading copy) 1970 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Frontiers of Multiple Sclerosis 1943

[Box 9 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: Keeping Covered at Night 1925 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: Machine Methods and Medicine 1930 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Mental Mechanisms and Psychosurgery

[Box 9 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: The Mind and the Body by Walter Freeman 1936 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 7]
Manuscript: New Explorations of the Psyche 1954

[Box 9 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Physiological Psychology (with James Watts) 1944 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: Psychiatric "Dynasties" in the United States 1957 ca.

[Box 9 Folder 10]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 10]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery: 1936-1946, with James Watts 1946

[Box 10 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery Academic Lecture, with photos (delivered to American Psychiatric Association) 05/04/1950

[Box 10 Folder 2]

Manuscripts: Some Observations on Obsessive Ruminative Tendencies Following Interruption of the Frontal Association Pathways, with James Watts 12/09/1937

[Box 10 Folder 3]

Manuscripts: Thesis "A Disappointing Therapy: The Decline of Frontal Lobotomies in the Early 1950s" by Christopher Carter, Harvard University 1988

[Box 10 Folder 4]

Manuscripts: Thesis "The Theory and Practice of Psychosurgery: Dr. Walter Freeman and the Lobotomy Era" by Kenneth Rothfield, Harvard University 1984

[Box 10 Folder 5]

Manuscripts: With Camera and Ice-Pick in Search of the Super Ego 04/22/1960

[Box 10 Folder 6]
Bound Publications 1921-1930

[Box 10 Folder 7]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 11]
Bound Publications 1928-1936

[Box 11 Folder 1]
Bound Publications 1931-1935

[Box 11 Folder 2]
Bound Publications 1936-1940

[Box 11 Folder 3]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 12]
Bound Publications 1936-1954

[Box 12 Folder 1]
Bound Publications 1936-1954

[Box 12 Folder 2]
Bound Publications 1936-1954

[Box 12 Folder 3]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 13]
Bound Publications 1936-1954

[Box 13 Folder 1]
Bound Publications 1941-1943

[Box 13 Folder 2]
Bound Publications 1947-1950

[Box 13 Folder 3]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 14]
Publications: Bibliography for articles on psychosurgery 1929-1949

[Box 14 Folder 1]
Publications: The Columnar Arrangement of the Primary Afferent Centers in the Brain-Stems of Man 1927

[Box 14 Folder 2]
Publications: Mental Effects of Fatigue 1928 ca.

[Box 14 Folder 3]
Publications: Lewis Morgan- Notebooks of a Tory Medical Student (with Freeman family genealogy chart) 1930

[Box 14 Folder 4]
Publications: Psychochemistry Some physicochemical Factors in Mental Disorders 1931

[Box 14 Folder 5]
Publications: Torula Infections of the Central Nervous System 1931

[Box 14 Folder 6]
Publications: Symptomatic Epilepsy in One od the Identical Twins A study of the Epileptic Character 1934 ca.

[Box 14 Folder 7]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy in Agitated Depression 11/1936

[Box 14 Folder 8]
Publications: Diseases of the Cranial Nerves 1937 ca.

[Box 14 Folder 9]
Publications: Subcortical Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Certain Psychoses 1937

[Box 14 Folder 10]
Publications: An Interpretation of the Functions of the Frontal Lobe 1939

[Box 14 Folder 11]
Publications: Intellectual and Emotional Changes Following Prefrontal Lobotomy 1940

[Box 14 Folder 12]
Publications: The Frontal Lobes and Consciousness of the Self 1941

[Box 14 Folder 13]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy 1942

[Box 14 Folder 14]
Publications: The Radical Treatment of the Psychoses and Neuroses 1942

[Box 14 Folder 15]
Publications: Correspondence regarding reprints of "Prefrontal Lobotomy: The Surgical Relief of Mental Pain" 1943

[Box 14 Folder 16]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Convalescent Care and AIDS Rehabilitation 1943

[Box 14 Folder 17]
Publications: Physiological Psychology 1944

[Box 14 Folder 18]
Publications: Section of Psychology 1944

[Box 14 Folder 19]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: The Problem of Schizophrenia 1945

[Box 14 Folder 20]
Publications: Psychosurgery-The Problem of Deterioration 1945 ca.

[Box 14 Folder 21]
Publications: Surgical Treatment of Mental Disorders 1945

[Box 14 Folder 22]
Publications: Pain of Organic Disease Relieved by Prefrontal Lobotomy 1946

[Box 14 Folder 23]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Survey of 331 cases 1946

[Box 14 Folder 24]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1946

[Box 14 Folder 25]
Publications: Psychosurgery Review 1946

[Box 14 Folder 26]
Publications: Book review of "Doctor Freud: An Analysis and a Warning," 1947

[Box 14 Folder 27]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Indications and Contraindications 1947

[Box 14 Folder 28]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1947

[Box 14 Folder 29]
Publications: Psychosurgery: The Nursing Problem 1947

[Box 14 Folder 30]
Publications: Psychosurgery During 1936-1946 1947

[Box 14 Folder 31]
Publications: Psychosurgery: Summary for GWU Publication 1947

[Box 14 Folder 32]
Publications: Retrograde Degeneration of the Thalamus following Prefrontal Lobotomy 1947

[Box 14 Folder 33]
Publications: The Thalamic Projection to the Frontal Lobe 1947

[Box 14 Folder 34]
Publications: Confidential from Washington: Psychosurgery 1948

[Box 14 Folder 35]
Publications: The Frontal Lobe Functions as Revealed by Psychosurgery 02/1948

[Box 14 Folder 36]
Publications: Pain mechanisms and the Frontal Lobes: A Study of Prefrontal Lobotomy for Intractable Pain 1948

[Box 14 Folder 37]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1948

[Box 14 Folder 38]
Publications: Psychosurgery for Pain 1948

[Box 14 Folder 39]
Publications: Transorbital Leucotomy 1948

[Box 14 Folder 40]
Publications: Transorbital Lobotomy: Preliminary Report of Ten Cases 1948

[Box 14 Folder 41]
Publications: Psychosurgery, 1st International Conference, Lisbon, Portugal 08/04/1949-08/07/1949

[Box 14 Folder 42]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 15]
Publications: Psychosurgery: Neuropsychiatric Aspects 1949

[Box 15 Folder 1]
Publications: Psychosurgery: Neuropsychiatric Aspects 1950

[Box 15 Folder 2]
Publications: Lesions of Transorbital Lobotomy 1951

[Box 15 Folder 3]
Publications: Transorbital lobotomy in the Relief of Interactable Pain 1951

[Box 15 Folder 4]
Publications: Go South M.S: New Hope for Multiple Sclerosis 1952

[Box 15 Folder 5]
Publications: La Personalidad y Los Lobulos Frontales 1952

[Box 15 Folder 6]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1952

[Box 15 Folder 7]
Publications: Transorbital Lobotomy Problem of the Thick Orbital Plate 1952

[Box 15 Folder 8]
Publications: Book review of "Frontal Lobes and Schizophrenia," 1953

[Box 15 Folder 9]
Publications: Hazards of Lobotomy-Study of Two Thousand Operations 1953

[Box 15 Folder 10]
Publications: Surgical Treatment of Mental Pain 1954

[Box 15 Folder 11]
Publications: West Virginia Lobotomy Project 1954

[Box 15 Folder 12]
Publications: The Contributions of Egas Moniz: An Appreciation From America 1955

[Box 15 Folder 13]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1955

[Box 15 Folder 14]
Publications: Partial list of Freeman publications 1956-1973

[Box 15 Folder 15]
Publications: Egas Moniz (1874-1955): His Life and Work 1956

[Box 15 Folder 16]
Publications: Section of psychiatry: Twenty Years of Leucotomy 1956

[Box 15 Folder 17]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1956

[Box 15 Folder 18]
Publications: Transorbital Lobotomy versus Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment of Mentally Ill Tuberculous Patients 1956

[Box 15 Folder 19]
Publications: Frontal Lobotomy: A Follow Up Study of 3000 Patients From One to Twenty Years 1957

[Box 15 Folder 20]
Publications: Head And Shoulder Hunting in the Americas: Photographic Follow-up Studies in Lobotomy 1958

[Box 15 Folder 21]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Final Report of 500 Freeman and Watts Patients Followed for 10 to 20 years 1958

[Box 15 Folder 22]
Publications: Psychosurgery: Present Indications and Future Prospects 1958

[Box 15 Folder 23]
Publications: American Handbook of Psychiatry 1959

[Box 15 Folder 24]
Publications: The Founding of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. 1959

[Box 15 Folder 25]
Publications: Northwest Medicine 1959

[Box 15 Folder 26]
Publications: Psychiatric Developments in Santa Clara County 1959

[Box 15 Folder 27]
Publications: Adolescents in Distress 1961

[Box 15 Folder 28]
Publications: Adolescents in Distress Therapeutic Possibilities of Lobotomy 1961

[Box 15 Folder 29]
Publications: Psychosurgery: A Quarter of A Century Later 1961

[Box 15 Folder 30]
Publications: Lobotomy after 65 1962

[Box 15 Folder 31]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1962

[Box 15 Folder 32]
Publications: West Virginia Lobotomy Project: A Sequel 1962

[Box 15 Folder 33]
Publications: Psychosurgery 1963

[Box 15 Folder 34]
Publications: Abstract and Comments on paper "Psychiatrists Who Kill Themselves" 1966

[Box 15 Folder 35]
Publications: Multiple Lobotomies 1967

[Box 15 Folder 36]
Publications: Psychiatrists Who Kill Themselves: A Study in Suicide 1967

[Box 15 Folder 37]
Publications: Thorium Granulomas in the Brain: Report of 4 Cases Following Prefrontal Lobotomy 1968

[Box 15 Folder 38]
Publications: Frontal Lobotomy in Early Schizophrenia Long Follow-up in 415 Cases 1971

[Box 15 Folder 39]
Publications: GW Medicine Magazine, including article on portrait dedications of Freeman and Watts, Spring 1970

[Box 15 Folder 40]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Acidosis of Anasthesia, Undergraduate Medical Association of the University of Pennsylvania 05/01/1919

[Box 15 Folder 41]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: AMA convention, news clippings of exhibit by Freeman on facial movements of patients 06/1931

[Box 15 Folder 42]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: AMA Suggestions for Authors of Section Papers

[Box 15 Folder 43]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Brain Stem and Cerebellum of a Five Months’ Fetus, Philadelphia Neurologic Society 04/27/1923

[Box 15 Folder 44]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Breathless Women, Sequoia Hospital, Los Altos, CA. 08/12/1955

[Box 15 Folder 45]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons 11/1953 ca.

[Box 15 Folder 46]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Case of Endotheliomoa of Brain one year after operation, Neurologic Society of Philadelphia 01/26/1923

[Box 15 Folder 47]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Cerebellar Atrophy, Philadelphia Neurological Society 02/27/1931

[Box 15 Folder 48]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Crush of the Spinal Cord, American Society of Neurosurgeons 06/14/1930

[Box 15 Folder 49]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Crystallization of Insoluble Silver Salts by Precipitation in Gels, Undergraduate Medical Association of the University of Pennsylvania 04/19/1917

[Box 15 Folder 50]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Depression: Current Concepts and Treatment, Palo Alto Stanford Hospital 09/16/1959

[Box 15 Folder 51]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Effect of Acid and Alkali on Respiration, Undergraduate Medical Association of University of Pennsylvania 05/01/1919

[Box 15 Folder 52]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Effect of Thorotrast Injections upon Ventricles and Subarachnoid Spaces, American Association of Neuropathologists 1937 ca.

[Box 15 Folder 53]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Frontal Lobes and Conciousness of the Self, Hartford, CT 01/1941

[Box 15 Folder 54]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Frontal Lobotamy and Hyprtension, Nervous and Mental Disease section of AMA, Atlantic City 06/1947

[Box 15 Folder 55]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Gastric Lues case presented before Pepper Medical Society, Mayo Clinic 12/12/1919

[Box 15 Folder 56]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Glioma of Medulla, Philadelphia Neurological Society 01/26/1923

[Box 15 Folder 57]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Hydronephrosis 4000 cc, Pathological Society of Philadelphia 04/14/1921

[Box 15 Folder 58]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Interpretation of Frontal Lobe Function based upon observations in 46 cases of Prefrontal Lobotomy, Harvey Cushing Society, Yale University 04/07/1939

[Box 15 Folder 59]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Lobotomy for Intractable Psychosomatic Disorders 1961

[Box 15 Folder 60]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Lobotomy in Older People by Walter Freeman Aqnews State Hospital 06/19/1959

[Box 15 Folder 61]
Conferences, Lectures, Papers: Multiple Cancer, Washington Society of Pathologists 02/01/1930

[Box 15 Folder 62]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 16]
Conferences, Lectures, Papers: Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies, Philadelphia Neurological Society 01/27/1933

[Box 16 Folder 1]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Neurologic Emergencies, American Association of General Practitioners, San Mateo, CA 11/26/1957

[Box 16 Folder 2]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Notes on Prefrontal Lobotomy: Paper presented at George Washington Faculty Luncheon 10/21/1936

[Box 16 Folder 3]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Physical Treatments in Mental Disorders: Comparisons of Chemical, Electrical and Surgical Methods, VA Hospital, Roseburg, OR 09/22/1959

[Box 16 Folder 4]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Final Report of 500 Freeman and Watts patients followed for 10 to 20 years, Southern Medical Association, Miami, FL 11/11/1957-11/14/1957

[Box 16 Folder 5]

Conference, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy in Agitated Depression: Report of a case, Medical Society of the District of Columbia 10/01/1936

[Box 16 Folder 6]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders, Southern Medical Association 11/20/1936

[Box 16 Folder 7]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Primary Myopathy, Washington Society of Pathologists 02/01/1930

[Box 16 Folder 8]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, 24th Annual Scientific Assembly of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 10/05/1953-10/07/1953

[Box 16 Folder 9]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, American College of Surgeons, Charlotte, NC 02/01/1954-02/3/1954

[Box 16 Folder 10]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, American College of Surgeons Sectional Meeting, London 05/17/1954-05/19/1954

[Box 16 Folder 11]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC 05/17/1948-05/20/1948

[Box 16 Folder 12]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, Arizona Division of American Cancer Society 01/14/1954-01/16/1954

[Box 16 Folder 13]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, Association of Military Surgeons, Washington, DC 11/09/1953-11/11/1953

[Box 16 Folder 14]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, Program, International Conference on Psychosurgery, Lisbon, Portugal 08/03/1948-08/07/1948

[Box 16 Folder 15]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, International League Against Epilepsy, Washington DC 05/01/1954-05/02/1954

[Box 16 Folder 16]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, Proceedings of the Second Research Conference on Psychosurgery, New York 06/02/1050--06/03/1950

[Box 16 Folder 17]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program, Southern Medical Association, Atlanta, GA 10/26/1953--10/29/1953

[Box 16 Folder 18]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prophylaxis in the War as Evincing the Trend of Modern Medicine, Pepper Medical Society, University of Pennsylvania 03/02/1917

[Box 16 Folder 19]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychiatrists Who Kill Themselves: A Study in Suicide, American Psychiatric Association, Detroit, MI 1967

[Box 16 Folder 20]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: An Evaluation of 200 cases Over Seven Years, Baltimore 10/22/1943

[Box 16 Folder 21]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: Results in 200 cases (Abstract), American Psychiatric Association, Philadelphia, PA 05/1944

[Box 16 Folder 22]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Radical Treatment of the Psychoses: Alterations in the Personality Following Prefrontal Lobotomy, Montreal Neurological Institute 12/1940

[Box 16 Folder 23]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Recent Advances in Psychosurgery, Washington Academy of Neurosurgery 10/28/1964

[Box 16 Folder 24]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Results of Frontal Lobotomy, Association of General Hospital Psychiatrists, Boston, MA 09/25/1968

[Box 16 Folder 25]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Schnizophrenia in Childhood: Its Modification by Prefrontal Lobotomy, Institute of Living 02/26/1947

[Box 16 Folder 26]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Section on Nervous and Mental Diseases (transcript with Freeman’s comments) 06/05/1941

[Box 16 Folder 27]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Strangulation of Penis by Finger Ring, Urologic Society 11/28/1921

[Box 16 Folder 28]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Surgery Versus Drugs in the Treatment of Neuroses, Fresno County Medical Society, Fresno, CA 02/12/1957

[Box 16 Folder 29]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Thorotrast in Neurologic Diagnosis, Baltimore Neurological Society 01/1941

[Box 16 Folder 30]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Thorotrast Ventriculography, A.N.A. 1934 ca.

[Box 16 Folder 31]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Transorbital Lobotomy, Los Angeles, CA 05/20/1955

[Box 16 Folder 32]

Conference, Papers, Lectures: Visualization of the Spinal Cord and Roots of Lumbo Sacreal Plexus with Therotrast, Medical Society of the District of Columbia 04/13/1939

[Box 16 Folder 33]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: When to Use What in Psychiatry/Drugs Useful in Neurology, Neuropsychiatric Orientation for General Practice 10/26/1058-10/28/1958

[Box 16 Folder 34]

Research: Acute Hemrragic Inflammation of the Suprarenals: Report of Four Cases, St. Elizabeth’s Hospital 1930 ca.

[Box 16 Folder 35]
Research: Biometrical Studies in Psychiatry 11/1928

[Box 16 Folder 36]
Research: Brief case histories of 20 patients

[Box 16 Folder 37]
Research: Cases of Xeroderma Pigmentosum Occuring in Brother and Sister 1922

[Box 16 Folder 38]
Research: The Cerebral Leucotome, n.a.

[Box 16 Folder 39]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 17]
Research: Critique of Somatic Therapies by Lauren Smith 1954

[Box 17 Folder 1]
Research: Drawings prepared by Walter Freeman (spinal segment, cerebellar system, sensory system, visual pathways 1924 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 2]
Research: Five Year Follow-Up at Athens State Hospital 1962

[Box 17 Folder 3]
Research: A Follow-up Study of Patients Treated by Thalamotomy and by Combined Frontal and Thalamic Lesions by E.A. Spiegel, et al

[Box 17 Folder 4]
Research: Frontal Lobotomy 1936 -1956: A Follow-up Study of 3000 Patients from One to Twenty Years by Walter Freeman 1956 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 5]
Research: The Functions of the Frontal Lobes Based Upon Observations in 40 Cases of Prefrontal Lobotomy 1939 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 6]
Research: Hallucinations: Their Motor Component and Surgical Treatment 1961

[Box 17 Folder 7]
Research: Human Brain: Nature’s Masterpiece of Engineering 1925 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 8]
Research: Lobotomy: A Comparison of Prefrontal Lobotomy (Freeman and Watts) with Transorbital Lobotomy by Walter Freeman 1950 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 9]
Research: Miscellaneous notes 1950-1960

[Box 17 Folder 10]
Research: Multiple Frontal Leucotomies and Other Psychosurgical Procedures: A Five to Ten Year Follow-up of 358 Cases 1961 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 11]
Research: Multiple Lobotomies: Inferences Drawn from 356 Cases 11/1960

[Box 17 Folder 12]
Research: Myoclonus Epilepsy 1930 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 13]
Research: Observations on Medical Temporal Lobotomy and Uncotomy in the Treatment of Psychotic States y W.B. Scoville, et al. (abstract).

[Box 17 Folder 14]
Research: Paget’s Disease of the Skull with Cerebral Compression 1931

[Box 17 Folder 15]
Research: Paralytic Torticollis (with photographs) 1930 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 16]

Research: Pattern, Distribution and Properties of Electro-Encephalographic Rhythms from the Depth of the Frontal Lobe in 60 Psychotic Patients by Carl W. Sem-Jacobson, et al 1954

[Box 17 Folder 17]

Research: Persistent Attention and Psychosurgery by Mary Francis Robinson and Walter Freeman 1955 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 18]
Research: A Pharmacological Study of Sodium Citrate 1921

[Box 17 Folder 19]
Research: Prefrontal Lobotomy for Relief of Pain with a Report of a New Operative Technique by [Everett G.] Grantham 1951

[Box 17 Folder 20]
Research: Present Status of Lobotomy by William Beecher Scoville 1954

[Box 17 Folder 21]
Research: Psychosurgery: One Quarter Century Later by Walter Freeman, Discussion given by Douglass Goldman 1961

[Box 17 Folder 22]
Research: Results of Transorbital Lobotomy in 400 State Hospital Patients by William W. Wilson, et al. 1953

[Box 17 Folder 23]
Research: The Rhinencephalon in Man by W.B. Scoville 1954

[Box 17 Folder 24]
Research: Selective Lobotomy in the Treatment of Intractable Pain by Everett Grantham and R. Glen Spurling 1953

[Box 17 Folder 25]
Research: Senile Hemichorea with Contralateral Thalamic Syndrome 1920 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 26]
Research: Simple Method for Blood Group Determination 1920

[Box 17 Folder 27]
Research: Somatic, Intellectual & Emotional Change Following Prefrontal Lobotomy (abstract) 1935 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 28]
Research: Some Subjective Experiences in Temporal Seizures 1959 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 29]
Research: Stereotaxic Thalamofrontal Radiotomy (abstract) by Tracy Putman and Stanford Rothenberg

[Box 17 Folder 30]

Research: Summary of Results of Prefrontal Lobotomy and Presentation of a Patient Operated upon for an Obsessive Compulsive State (abstract) 1943 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 31]

Research: The Surgical Treatment of Certain Psychoses, n.a

[Box 17 Folder 32]
Research: Sustained Attention, the Self, and Psychosurgery 1955 ca.

[Box 17 Folder 33]
Research: Correspondence, reports, notes on Thorotrast [1/3] 1935-1936

[Box 17 Folder 34]
Research: Correspondence, reports, notes on Thorotrast [2/3] 1935-1936

[Box 17 Folder 35]
Research: Correspondence, reports, notes on Thorotrast [3/3] 1935-1936

[Box 17 Folder 36]
Research: Thorotrast in Neurologic Diagnosis 1941

[Box 17 Folder 37]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 18]
Research: Transorbital Lobotomy in the State Mental Hospital, Cherokee, Iowa by Willard C. Brinegar 1957

Freeman treated 32 of these cases

[Box 18 Folder 1]
Research: Tuberculous Hepatitis with Hypoglycemia in a Diabetic 1931

[Box 18 Folder 2]
Research: Tumor of the Spinal Cord Localized by Lipiodal 1928 ca.

[Box 18 Folder 3]
Research: Undercutting Lobotomy in the Aged by W.B. Scoville and V. Gerald Ryan

[Box 18 Folder 4]
Research: Velasco-Suarez and the Early Days of Psychosurgery [follow-up of 17 lobotomy cases 1942-1943]

[Box 18 Folder 5]

Books: "Psychosurgery: Intelligence, Emotion and Social Behavior, Following Prefrontal Lobotomy for Mental Disorders" by Walter Freeman and James Watts (with Thelma Hunt) Manuscript of first edition 01/1942

[Box 18 Folder 6]

Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 19]
Books: Brochure for Freeman’s book The Psychiatrist 1967

[Box 19 Folder 1]
Books: Miscellaneous notes regarding Psychosurgery 1942 ca.

[Box 19 Folder 2]
Books: Reviews of Psychosurgery 1942-1952

[Box 19 Folder 3]
Books: Unused drawings for 2nd edition of Psychosurgery 1950

[Box 19 Folder 4]
Books: Janet, Pierre. Translated by Walter Freeman. Psychologic Medicine. Paris, France 1923

[Box 19 Folder 5]
Freeman, Walter. Neuropathology: The Anatomical Foundation of Nervous Diseases. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company 1933

[Box 19 Folder 6]

Books: Freeman, Walter and James W. Watts. Psychosurgery: Intelligence, Emotion and Social Behavior Following Prefrontal Lobotomy for Mental Disorders. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publishers 1942

2 copies

[Box 19 Folder 7]

Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 20]

Books: Freeman, Walter and James W. Watts. 2nd ed. Psychosurgery: In the Treatment of Mental Disorders and Intractable Pain. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publishers 1950

2 copies

[Box 20 Folder 1]

News clippings and magazine articles: General 1930-1980

[Box 20 Folder 2]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 21]
Photographs: Brain, rostral and caudal surfaces 1960

[Box 21 Folder 1]
Photographs: Brain, with labels of various sections (from Richard Lindenberg) 1960

[Box 21 Folder 2]
Photographs: Drs. Freeman and Watts operating on a patient (with negative original photo by Harris and Ewing) 1942 ca.

[Box 21 Folder 3]
Photographs: Egas Moniz gives Walter Freeman an award 1948

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 4]
Photographs: Freeman and James Watts posing with portraits hung in Himmelfarb Library 1970

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 5]
Photographs: Freeman and son Franklin walking on boardwalk 1960 ca.

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 6]
Photographs: Freeman at Charles Thomas Publisher exhibit 1971

[Box 21 Folder 7]
Photographs: Freeman in suit and tie 1969

3 color slides

[Box 21 Folder 8]
Photographs: Freeman on the Appalachian Trail 1951

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 9]
Photographs: Freeman operating (possibly on Francis Farmer); Freeman and his wife Marjorie; Freeman and Egas Moniz 1940 ca.

photocopy

[Box 21 Folder 10]
Photographs: Freeman operating on patient on gurney 1950 ca.

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 11]
Photographs: Freeman with a backpack in mountains 1960 ca.

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 12]
Photographs: Freeman with group of people 1950 ca.

2 copies

[Box 21 Folder 13]
Photographs: Freeman with son Franklin sitting on a bed 1965 ca.

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 14]
Photographs: Freeman with sons Paul and Franklin at Stanford University 06/1952

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 15]
Photographs: Freeman with three men at Marlboro State Hospital, in front of exhibit on psychosurgery 11/1953

[Box 21 Folder 16]
Photographs: Freeman 1959

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 17]
Photographs: Mario Fiamberti (introduced transorbital lobotomy in 1937), inscribed to Walter Freeman 1946 ca.

[Box 21 Folder 18]
Photographs: Moniz, Egas and wife 08/20/1947

[Box 21 Folder 19]
Photographs: Oil portrait of Freeman by Robert Fantuzzi 1970 ca.

in color, with slide

[Box 21 Folder 20]
Photographs: Oil portrait of Freeman by Robert Fantuzzi 1970 ca.

black and white, 3 copies

[Box 21 Folder 21]
Photographs: Oil portrait of Freeman 1947 ca.

2 copies black and white, 1 color, 1 slide

[Box 21 Folder 22]
Photographs: Oil portrait of Freeman 1947 ca.

black and white, 2 copies and slide

[Box 21 Folder 23]
Photographs: Walter Freeman with R. Donahue 1955 ca.

[Box 21 Folder 24]
Photographs: Walter Freeman 1916

photocopy

[Box 21 Folder 25]
Photographs: Walter, Lorne, Franklin Freeman on top of Old Rag Mountain 11/1948

with negative

[Box 21 Folder 26]
Photographs: Williams, Freeman, Haas, Hohlen at Yankton State Hospital 1948

[Box 21 Folder 27]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 22]

Artifacts: Leather case, with green lettering "Dr. Walter Freeman" contains 2 heavy duty TOL leucotomes (used when roof of the orbit was so tough it was not possible to swing leucotome in an arc and cut the pathways in the frontal lobes of the brain)

[Box 22 Folder 1]

Artifacts: Leather case, with gold lettering "Dr. Walter Freeman" contains 2 TOL leucotomes (used for cutting white matter of the brain, was inserted beneath upper eyelid, through the skull to depth of 7cm and swung on a 20 degree medial arc and 30 degree lateral arc)

[Box 22 Folder 2]

Artifacts: 2 curved leucotomes

[Box 22 Folder 3]
Artifacts: Ice pick labeled: Yolland Ice & Fuel Company Phone 5100 (May have been used by Freeman to perform transorbial lobotomies)

[Box 22 Folder 4]
Walter Freeman Papers

[Box 50]

Artifacts: Three large audio discs, about 20 1/2 inches across 03/06/1940

(Presto Recording Corp. New York) Handwritten note reads: These recordings were made by Dr. Edmund Ziman of St. Eliz. Hosp. in the spring of 1941 to go along with the film on prefrontal lobotomy that was shown at the Am. Psych. Assn meeting in Richmond. The technical problems were too great, however, and the sound was later dubbed in on the operative technic part of the film. The patient was Wm. Mothershead and the first recording was made the day before his operation

[Box 50 Folder 1]

[Return to Descriptive Summary]

MS0803/002: James Watts Papers

12.5 Linear feet

This series comprises the papers of Dr. James W. Watts and ranges in date from 1926-82. It has the following divisions correspondence; personal papers; manuscripts; publications; conferences, papers, lectures; research; photographs; videos and film, and artifacts.

The correspondence includes letters from Gerald Ford, Egas Moniz, and family members. They are arranged alphabetical and range in date from 1931-82.

The personal papers materials, and includes lecture notes while Watts was a medical student at the University of Virginia, the Harvey Cushing Society, a festschrift to Watts for his 60th birthday, and family estate papers. They are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1926-77.

The manuscripts are of drafts of papers and publications written by Watts (unless otherwise noted). It is arranged alphabetically and ranges in date from 1934-65.

The publications are materials for articles authored by Watts (including three bound volumes). Many of the publications were co-authored with Walter Freeman. They are arranged chronologically, and range in date from 1929-67.

The conferences, papers, lectures materials related to conferences Watts attended and papers he presented. The materials are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1937-74.

The research materials and include a notebook on surgery kept by Watts in the 1930's. The materials are arranged alphabetically and ranges in date from 1933-57.

The photographs include a photo of Watts at his 50th year class reunion at VMI, Watts in Himmelfarb Library, his trip to Germany in 1954 with the Unitarian Services Committee, Inc., and former interns who appeared in the oil portrait of Watts. They are arranged alphabetically and range in date from 1939-82.

The video and film materials include an oral history interview with Watts conducted in 1988, a transcript of an interview done with Watts in 1979, and a video of Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Illness (1941). The materials are mostly u-matic tape format with some 16 mm film, and range in date from 1941-88.

The artifacts include medical instruments and a medal given to Dr. Watts at the International Congress of Neurology in Lisbon, Portugal (1953). The materials range in date from ca.1940-64.

James Watts Papers

[Box 23]
Correspondence: General 1937-1974

[Box 23 Folder 1]
Correspondence: American Journal of Surgery 1947

[Box 23 Folder 2]
Correspondence: Ford, Gerald 1971-1974

[Box 23 Folder 3]
Correspondence: Freeman, Walter concerning lobotomies and children) 1961

[Box 23 Folder 4]
Correspondence: Groff court case 1975

[Box 23 Folder 5]
Correspondence: Lebensohn, Zigmond 1974

[Box 23 Folder 6]
Correspondence: Letters of thanks for Psychosurgery book 1942-1951

[Box 23 Folder 7]
Correspondence: Moniz, Egas 1948

[Box 23 Folder 8]
Correspondence: Personal various family members 1907-1928

[Box 23 Folder 9]
Correspondence: Personal 1931-1939

[Box 23 Folder 10]
Correspondence: Personal 1940

[Box 23 Folder 11]
Correspondence: Personal 1941-1945

[Box 23 Folder 12]
Correspondence: Personal 1946-1951

[Box 23 Folder 13]
Correspondence: Personal 1952-1962

[Box 23 Folder 14]
Correspondence: Personal 1976-1982

[Box 23 Folder 15]
Correspondence Personal: Chevy Chase Club 1950

[Box 23 Folder 16]
Correspondence Personal: Ryan, Aurelia 1982

[Box 23 Folder 17]
Correspondence: Personal Watts III, James Winston (Winston) 1974-1975

[Box 23 Folder 18]
Correspondence Personal: Watts, Julia 1939-1951

[Box 23 Folder 19]
Correspondence Personal: Watts, Randolph 1970

[Box 23 Folder 20]
Correspondence Personal: Watts III, T. Ashby 1970

[Box 23 Folder 21]
Correspondence Personal: Wills, Julia 1975

[Box 23 Folder 22]
Personal Papers: Aerial Firepower Demonstration, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 10/08/1958

[Box 23 Folder 23]
Personal Papers: Appraisal of books Watts donated to Himmelfarb Library 1974

[Box 23 Folder 24]
Personal Papers: Bills and receipts 1935-1945

[Box 23 Folder 25]
Personal Papers: Biographical information 1943-1977

[Box 23 Folder 26]
James Watts Papers

[Box 24]
Personal Papers: Brochures, certificates 1953-1977

[Box 24 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: Consultant to Veteran’s Administration Hospital, Washington, DC 1946-1965

[Box 24 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Correspondence with hospitals regarding internships 04/1928-05/1928

[Box 24 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: Death of Watts’ mother 1952

[Box 24 Folder 4]
Personal Papers: Dinner in honor of Dr. W. Jason Mixter 12/1955

[Box 24 Folder 5]
Personal Papers: Directory of medical specialists, listing Freeman and Watts 1957

[Box 24 Folder 6]
Personal Papers: Expenses and receipts for lectures at Albuquerque VA Hospital 02/1949

[Box 24 Folder 7]
Personal Papers: Festschrift for Watts’ 60th birthday 1964

[Box 24 Folder 8]
Personal Papers: Financial -Estate of Major S. P. Halsey 1940

[Box 24 Folder 9]
Personal Papers: Financial - Estate of Julia Harrison 1938-1940

[Box 24 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: Financial - Estate of Maude Watson 1951-1952

[Box 24 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: Financial - Estate of Fannie C. Watts 1952

[Box 24 Folder 12]
Personal Papers: Financial - Investment review of James and Julia Watts 1943

[Box 24 Folder 13]
Personal Papers: Financial Real estate sales contract between James and Julia Watts and Anne Todd Eddy 11/23/1949

[Box 24 Folder 14]
Personal Papers: Financial - T. Ashby Watts, will and investment review 1951

[Box 24 Folder 15]
Personal Papers: Financial - Trust agreement for Randolph Watts (son) 1952

[Box 24 Folder 16]
Personal Papers: Financial - Will of Julia Watts (wife) 1947

[Box 24 Folder 17]
Personal Papers: GW School of Medicine postgraduate course in psychosurgery 1949

[Box 24 Folder 18]
Personal Papers: Harvey Cushing Society 1958

[Box 24 Folder 19]
Personal Papers: Harvey Cushing Society 1959

[Box 24 Folder 20]
Personal Papers: Harvey Cushing Society 1960

[Box 24 Folder 21]
Personal Papers: Inauguration of Governor Robert Docking, Kansas 1967

[Box 24 Folder 22]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on tuberculosis taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1926

[Box 24 Folder 23]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on dermatology and syphilology taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927

[Box 24 Folder 24]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on internal medicine taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927

[Box 24 Folder 25]
James Watts Papers

[Box 25]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on obstetrics taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927

[Box 25 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on orthopedics taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927

[Box 25 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on pediatrics taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1926

[Box 25 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on physical diagnosis taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 4]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on practice of medicine taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927

[Box 25 Folder 5]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on surgery taken by Watts, University of Virginia [1/2] 1927

[Box 25 Folder 6]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on surgery taken by Watts, University of Virginia [2/2] 1927

[Box 25 Folder 7]
Personal Papers Lecture notes on urology taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1927 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 8]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on ears, nose and throat taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1928

[Box 25 Folder 9]
Personal Papers: Lecture notes on psychiatry taken by Watts, University of Virginia 1928

[Box 25 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: Medical pamphlets 1926-1927

[Box 25 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: Medical school drug lists, with Watts’ notes, University of Virginia 1927 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 12]
Personal Papers: Medical school handout on pneumonia 1927 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 13]
Personal Papers: Medical school guidelines for taking a patient history 1927 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 14]
Personal Papers: Miscellaneous expense receipts 1941-1948

[Box 25 Folder 15]
Personal Papers: Miscellaneous notes and prescription book 1933-1974

[Box 25 Folder 16]
Personal Papers: National Board of Medical Examiners 1928

[Box 25 Folder 17]
Personal Papers: Neurosurgical Technique 1940 ca.

[Box 25 Folder 18]
Personal Papers: News Clippings 1932-1952

[Box 25 Folder 19]
James Watts Papers

[Box 26]
Personal Papers: Pamphlets from medical school on various subjects 1911-1924

[Box 26 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: Pamphlets from medical school on hygiene and public health 1925-1927

[Box 26 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Phi Beta Kappa membership 1928

[Box 26 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: Piece of silk belonging to J.H.H. (Watts’ wife’s grandmother [?]) 1860

[Box 26 Folder 4]
Personal Papers: Portraits of Watts and Freeman at GWU 1980

[Box 26 Folder 5]
Personal Papers: Religion, Presbyterian Church group meeting 1956

[Box 26 Folder 6]
Personal Papers: Report cards of Winston Watts (son) 1945-1952

[Box 26 Folder 7]
Personal Papers: School report on Randolph Watts (son) 01/1952

[Box 26 Folder 8]

Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - brochure "Doctors at Work: Report on Unitarian Service Committee Medical Mission, Germany," 1950

[Box 26 Folder 9]

Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence and clippings 1954

[Box 26 Folder 10]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence and clippings 1955

[Box 26 Folder 11]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence in German language 1954

[Box 26 Folder 12]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence regarding travel arrangements to Germany 04/1954-06/1954

[Box 26 Folder 13]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Howard Brooks 1953

[Box 26 Folder 14]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Dr, A. Earl Walker 1954

[Box 26 Folder 15]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Dr. T. Riechert 1954

[Box 26 Folder 16]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Dr. W. Tönnis 1954-1955

[Box 26 Folder 17]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with German doctors 1954

[Box 26 Folder 18]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Lothar Kalinowsky 1954

[Box 26 Folder 19]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence with Wilmer Froistad 1954

[Box 26 Folder 20]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - correspondence, Psychological Cinema Register, Penn State University 04/1954-08/1954

[Box 26 Folder 21]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - expense reports 1954

[Box 26 Folder 22]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - itinerary for Germany trip 06/1954-07/1954

[Box 26 Folder 23]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - Medical Projects Program, agenda and participating members 09/11/1954

[Box 26 Folder 24]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - notes from trip to Germany 07/1954

[Box 26 Folder 25]
James Watts Papers

[Box 27]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - proposed symposium program for trip to Germany 08/28/1953

[Box 27 Folder 1]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - Statistical data (supplement to 1945-52) 1953

[Box 27 Folder 2]
Personal Papers: Unitarian Service Committee, Inc. - Symposium on neurosurgery, Freiburg, Germany 07/05/1954-07/10/1954

[Box 27 Folder 3]
Personal Papers: World War II ration book and selective service card 1942

[Box 27 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: Abscess of the Medulla Oblongata, with George D. Weickhardt 1943

[Box 27 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Abstracts of articles on Psychosurgery, (collected by Tauber) 1948

[Box 27 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Activities and Goals in Cerebral Vascular Disease 1965 ca.

[Box 27 Folder 7]
Manuscripts: Acute Lymphocytic Meningitis 1936

[Box 27 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Acute Lymphocytic Meningitis 1937

[Box 27 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: Acute Lymphocytic Meningitis 01/1937

[Box 27 Folder 10]
Manuscripts: Anatomy and Physiology of the Frontal Lobe 1954

[Box 27 Folder 11]
Manuscripts: Angiography in Neurosurgery 1951

[Box 27 Folder 12]
Manuscripts: Aseptic (Lymphocytic) Meningitis 1929

[Box 27 Folder 13]
Manuscripts: Bilateral Frontal Ganglioglioma with Epilepsia Procursiva 1936 ca.

[Box 27 Folder 14]
Manuscripts: Bladder Dysfunction in Cases of Brain Tumor: A Cystometric Study, with Charles A.W. Uhle 1934

[Box 27 Folder 15]
Manuscripts: Bladder Dysfunction in Lesions of the Spinal Cord 1935 ca.

[Box 27 Folder 16]
Manuscripts: Cancer of the Brain: Newer Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment 1956

[Box 27 Folder 17]
Manuscripts: Cancer of the Brain: Newer Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment (for Dr. Blades in American Journal of Surgery) 1956

[Box 27 Folder 18]
Manuscripts: Clinical Neurophysiology, with Bernard J. Alpers 1934 ca.

[Box 27 Folder 19]
Manuscripts: A Comparative Study of the Anterior Cerebral Artery and the Circle of the Willis in Primates [1/2] 1934

[Box 27 Folder 20]
James Watts Papers

[Box 28]
Manuscripts: A Comparative Study of the Anterior Cerebral Artery and the Circle of the Willis in Primates [2/2] 1934

[Box 28 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: Cortical Autonomic Epilepsy, with Charles H. Frazier 1934

[Box 28 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Cystometric Bladder Pressure Determinations in Patients with Brain Tumor: A Preliminary Report, with Charles A.W. Uhle 1934

[Box 28 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: A Discussion by James Watts of Definitive Diagnosis and Treatment of Headache by Lester Blumenthal 1957 ca.

[Box 28 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: A Discussion by James Watts of Subdural Hematoma: Analytic Study of 123 Cases by Jose Mateos and Richard Daly 1957

[Box 28 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Effect of Lesions of Hypothalamus on Gastro-Intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys [1/4] 1935

[Box 28 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Effect of Lesions of Hypothalamus on Gastro-Intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys [2/4] 1935

[Box 28 Folder 7]
Manuscripts: Effect of Lesions of Hypothalamus on Gastro-Intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys [3/4] 1935

[Box 28 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Effect of Lesions of Hypothalamus on Gastro-Intestinal Tract and Heart in Monkeys [4/4] 1935

[Box 28 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: The Effect of Section of Corpus Callosum on the Motor Performance of Monkeys 1934

[Box 28 Folder 10]
James Watts Papers

[Box 29]
Manuscripts: Effect of Unilateral Lesions of the Lateral Horns of the Spinal Cordon Skin Temperature and Pupillary Size 1932

[Box 29 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: An Experimental Analysis of the Functions of the Frontal Association Area in Primates, by Carlyle F. Jacobsen 1935 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Gliomas in Infancy and Childhood, with Capt. John W. Barrett 1963 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: History of the Washington Academy of Neurological Surgery by O. Hugh Fulcher 1965 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: Influence of Cerebral Cortex on Gastro-Intestinal Movements 1935

[Box 29 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Intususception: of Cerebral Cortex to Intestinal Motility in the Monkey [1/3] 1934

[Box 29 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Intususception: Relation of Cerebral Cortex to Intestinal Motility in the Monkey [2/3] 1934

[Box 29 Folder 7]
Manuscripts: Intususception: Relation of Cerebral Cortex to Intestinal Motility in the Monkey [3/3] 1934

[Box 29 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Ligation of the Anterior Cerebral Artery in Macacus Rhesus [Monkeys] 1934

[Box 29 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: Lobotomy Manuscripts 1945 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 10]
Manuscripts: Migraine and other Arterial Neuralgias of the Head Relieved by Resection of a Segment of Artery, with Robert H. Groh 1942

[Box 29 Folder 11]
Manuscripts: Meningiomas of the Posterior Fossa, with Edward Lang and Ruth Jakoby 1967 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 12]
Manuscripts: Mesencephalic Gliomas [1/2] 1935 ca.

[Box 29 Folder 13]
James Watts Papers

[Box 30]
Manuscripts: Mesencephalic Gliomas [2/2] 1935 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: Methods for Pain Relief 1955 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Minor Cervical Injuries by K.H. Abbott, et al 1960 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: Neurosurgical Approach to Chronic Pelvic Pain 1949

[Box 30 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: Neurological Surgery (Courier magazine) 1950

[Box 30 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Neurological Surgery for Relief of Intolerable Pain (abstract) 1958 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Neurological Surgery in Washington 1946 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 7]
Manuscripts: Notes on cranial fractures and spinal cord (in Spanish) 1955 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Notes on lobotomy 1950-1970

[Box 30 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: Observations upon the Regulation of Visceral Function by the Brain 1936

[Box 30 Folder 10]
Manuscripts: Pain and Disability [1/2] 1947

[Box 30 Folder 11]
Manuscripts: Pain and Disability [2/2] 1947

[Box 30 Folder 12]
Manuscripts: Panel on Whiplash 1955 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 13]
Manuscripts: Physiologic Principles in the Management of Head Injuries 1958 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 14]
Manuscripts: [Prefrontal Lobotomy: Factors Influencing Prognosis] 1946 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 15]
Manuscripts: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Precision Method Operative Technics (draft) 1948 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 16]
Manuscripts: Prefrontal Lobotomy exhibit, George Washington University 03/1937

[Box 30 Folder 17]
Manuscripts: Prefrontal Lobotomy in Case of Chronic Polysurgical Addiction 1937

[Box 30 Folder 18]
Manuscripts: Prefrontal Lobotomy in Nervous States (presented at George Washington University) 04/16/1938

[Box 30 Folder 19]
Manuscripts: Protruded Lumbar Intervertebral Disk by J.P. Murphy 1950 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 20]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery: A Twenty Year Evaluation (in Spanish) 1955 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 21]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery: A Twenty Year Evaluation 1956

[Box 30 Folder 22]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery: Retrospects and Prospects Based on Twelve Years’ Experience 1948 ca.

[Box 30 Folder 23]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery: Surgical Aspects, with L. Stanley Durkin (appeared in Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry 1950)

[Box 30 Folder 24]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery article for book Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry [1/2] 1952

[Box 30 Folder 25]
James Watts Papers

[Box 31]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery article for book Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry [2/2] 1952

[Box 31 Folder 1]
Manuscripts: Psychosurgery for the Relief of Unbearable Pain, with Walter Freeman 1946

[Box 31 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Recent Observations on the Diagnosis and Pathological Anatomy of Posterior Fossa Meningiomas 1967

[Box 31 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: The Relation of Contusion of the Scalp to Post-Traumatic Headache and Dizziness 1944

[Box 31 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: The Relation of the Frontal Lobes to Visceral Function 1935

[Box 31 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Schizophrenia: Indications for Prefrontal Lobotomy, with Walter Freeman 1947 ca.

[Box 31 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Significance of Bladder Disturbances in Facial Lesions of the Brain 1936 ca.

[Box 31 Folder 7]
Manuscripts: Significance of Hypotonic Bladder Associated with Colon of the Megacolon Type 1936

[Box 31 Folder 8]
Manuscripts: Significance of Hypotonic and Hypertonic Bladder in Patients with Brain Tumor 1934 ca.

[Box 31 Folder 9]
Manuscripts: Source of Visceral Impulses, with Charles H. Frazier and Charles A.W. Uhle [1/2] 1934

[Box 31 Folder 10]
Manuscripts: Source of Visceral Impulses, with Charles H. Frazier and Charles A.W. Uhle [2/2] 1934

[Box 31 Folder 11]
Manuscripts: Spinal Epidural Abscess, with correspondence from Ellen Gates Starr 1932

[Box 31 Folder 12]
James Watts Papers

[Box 32]

Manuscripts: "The Spine," a chapter for Surgical Errors and Safeguards written by Dr. Watts, with correspondence with the author Max Thorek 1955-1957

[Box 32 Folder 1]

Manuscripts: The Surgery of Pain by Herbert Olivecrona 1946 ca.

[Box 32 Folder 2]
Manuscripts: Surgical Aspects of Prefrontal Lobotomy (with photographs) 1942

[Box 32 Folder 3]
Manuscripts: Traumatic Epilepsy with Cortical Scar, with Stuart N. Rowe (with photographs) 1936

[Box 32 Folder 4]
Manuscripts: The Use of Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Management of the Pain Patient by James Peter Murphy 06/1949

[Box 32 Folder 5]
Manuscripts: Working Ability after Lobotomy, with Arcesio Zuniga 1951

[Box 32 Folder 6]
Manuscripts: Chapters for unknown book: "Intelligence" and "Personality Profile Studies" [Hunt’s chapter]

[Box 32 Folder 7]
Publications: Bound volume: Publications of James Watts, v.1 1929-1935

[Box 32 Folder 8]
James Watts Papers

[Box 33]
Publications: Bound volume: Writings of James W. Watts (1929-1944), v.1 (includes biographical information) 1964

[Box 33 Folder 1]
Publications: Bound volume: Writings of James W. Watts (1944-1958), v.2 1964

[Box 33 Folder 2]

Publications: Bound volume: Lobulo Temporal (1964); articles by participants (including Freeman and Watts) in symposium at the National Hospital of Neurology, Mexico City 1964

[Box 33 Folder 3]

James Watts Papers

[Box 34]
Publications: List of publications 1929-1958

[Box 34 Folder 1]
Publications: Aseptic (Lymphocytic) Meningitis 1929

[Box 34 Folder 2]
Publications: Three Cases of Aseptic (Lymphocitic) Meningitis 1929

[Box 34 Folder 3]
Publications: Tuberculous Meningitis with an Unusual Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Case Report 1929

[Box 34 Folder 4]
Publications: Spinal Epidural Granuloma 1931

[Box 34 Folder 5]
Publications: The Absense of Gonad-Stimulating Hormone in the Urine and Blood of Patients with Pituitary Tumors 1932

[Box 34 Folder 6]
Publications: Zur Pathogenese der Raynaudschen Gangran 1932

[Box 34 Folder 7]
Publications: The Effect of Post-Brachial Spinal Cord Transection on the Flexor and Extensor Reflexes of the Forelimbs 1933

[Box 34 Folder 8]
Publications: Acute Aseptic Meningitis 1934

[Box 34 Folder 9]
Publications: Autonomic Representation in the Cerebral Cortex 1934

[Box 34 Folder 10]
Publications: A Comparative Study of the Anterior Cerebral Artery and the Circle of the Willis in Primates 1934

[Box 34 Folder 11]
Publications: The Effect of Section of Corpus Callosum on the Motor Performance of Monkeys, with Margaret A. Kennard 1934

[Box 34 Folder 12]
Publications: Intussusception: The Relation of the Cerebral Cortex to Intestinal Motility in the Monkey, with John F. Fulton 1934

[Box 34 Folder 13]
Publications: Ligation of the Anterior Cerebral Artery in Monkeys 1934

[Box 34 Folder 14]

Publications: Reciprocal Changes in Reflex Activity of the Fore Limbs Induced by Post-Brachial "Cold Block" of the Spinal Cord, with T.C. Ruch 1934

[Box 34 Folder 15]

Publications: The Source of the Impulses Underlying the Effect of Post-Brachial Post Transection on the Spinal Cord upon Forelimb Reflexes 1934

[Box 34 Folder 16]

Publications: Influence of the Cerebral Cortex on Gastro-Intestinal Movements (in Symposium on the Functions of the Cerebral Cortex, AMA) 1935

[Box 34 Folder 17]

Publications: Mescencephalic Glioma: A Clinical and Pathological Analysis of Ten Cases, with Bernard J. Alpers 1935

[Box 34 Folder 18]
Publications: The Relation of the Frontal Lobes to Visceral Function (from the Medical Annals of the District of Columbia) 1935

[Box 34 Folder 19]
Publications: Abstracts of articles Watts reviewed for Lancet magazine 1935-1937

[Box 34 Folder 20]

Publications: The Significance of Hypotonic Bladder Associated with Magacolon: Evidence for a Central Origin (from Urologic Cutaneous Review) 1936

[Box 34 Folder 21]

Publications: Traumatic Epilepsy with Cortical Scar 1936

[Box 34 Folder 22]
Publications: The Value of Combining Sedation of the Central and Autonomic Nervous Systems in the Treatment of Epilepsy 1937

[Box 34 Folder 23]
Publications: Psychosurgery: Effect on Certain Mental Symptoms of Surgical Interruption of Pathways in the Frontal Lobe 1938

[Box 34 Folder 24]
Publications: Acute Lymphocytic Meningitis 1939

[Box 34 Folder 25]
Publications: Recent Progress in Neurosurgery 1939

[Box 34 Folder 26]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Six Years’ Experience, with Walter Freeman 1943

[Box 34 Folder 27]
Publications: Intelligence Following Prefrontal Lobotomy in Obsessive Tension States, with Walter Freeman 1944

[Box 34 Folder 28]
Publications: The Relation of Contusion of the Scalp to Post-Traumatic Headache and Dizziness 1944

[Box 34 Folder 29]
Publications: Social Adjustment in Obsessive Tension States Following Prefrontal Lobotomy, with Walter Freeman 1944

[Box 34 Folder 30]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Factors Influencing Prognosis, with Walter Freeman 1946

[Box 34 Folder 31]
Publications: Psychosurgery for the Relief of Unbearable Pain 1946

[Box 34 Folder 32]
Publications: Frontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Unbearable Pain 1947

[Box 34 Folder 33]
Publications: Neurological Surgery in Washington 1947

[Box 34 Folder 34]
Publications: Development of Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Intolerable Pain, with Walter Freeman 1948

[Box 34 Folder 35]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Complications and Their Treatment, with Walter Freeman 1948

[Box 34 Folder 36]
Publications: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Indications and Results in Schizophrenia, with Walter Freeman 1948

[Box 34 Folder 37]
Publications: Psychosurgery, with Walter Freeman 1952

[Box 34 Folder 38]
Publications: Journal of the International College of Surgeons, edited by James Watts 07/1954

[Box 34 Folder 39]
Publications: Section on Neurosurgery: A New Field of Cooperative Endeavor 1954

[Box 34 Folder 40]
Publications: Cancer of the Brain: Newer Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment 1956

[Box 34 Folder 41]
Publications: Whiplash Injuries: A Panel Discussion, Watts el al 07/1957

[Box 34 Folder 42]
Publications: Malignant Tumors Arising from Peripheral Nerves, with Emmanuele Mannarino 1962

[Box 34 Folder 43]

Publications: Guides to the Evaluation of Personal Impairment: The Peripheral Spinal Nerves (Journal of the American Medical Association) 1964

[Box 34 Folder 44]

Publications: Neurology and Neurological Surgery: Its Story at George Washington University 1965

[Box 34 Folder 45]
Publications: The Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis 1967

[Box 34 Folder 46]
James Watts Papers

[Box 35]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: - 9th Latin American Congress of Neurology, Mexico City 10/04/1961-10/10/1961

[Box 35 Folder 1]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: 10th Annual National Assembly of Surgeons, Hospital Juarez, Mexico City 11/09/1952-11/15/1952

[Box 35 Folder 2]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: American Neurological Association 1963

[Box 35 Folder 3]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Angiography in Neurosurgery, with Robert H. Groh, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Hollywood, FL [1/2] 04/1951

[Box 35 Folder 4]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Angiography in Neurosurgery, extra photos [2/2] 04/1951

[Box 35 Folder 5]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Clinical Observations on the Relation of the Temporal Lobe to Vestibular Disorders, International Symposium on Temporal Lobes, Mexico City 11/15/1964-11/20/1964

[Box 35 Folder 6]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Clinical Value of Lobotomy, Guild of Catholic Psychiatrists, Washington, DC 02/10/1958-02/11/1958

[Box 35 Folder 7]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Clinicopathological Conference, Atlantic City Hospital, Atlantic City, NJ 08/05/1957-08/09/1957

[Box 35 Folder 8]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Discussion by James Watts of the Value of the Grantham Lobotomy by Frank J. Ayd, Southern Medical Association, Washington, DC 11/12/1956-11/15/1956

[Box 35 Folder 9]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Fifth Annual Meeting, American College of Surgeons, San Juan, Puerto Rico 02/24/1955-02/26/1955

[Box 35 Folder 10]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: First International Congress of Neurological Sciences, Brussels 07/21/1957-07/28/1957

[Box 35 Folder 11]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Frontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Unbearable Pain, Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease, New York 12/12/1947-12/13/1947

[Box 35 Folder 12]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Gill Memorial Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, Roanoke, VA 1957-1958

[Box 35 Folder 13]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Harvey Cushing Society, Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii 04/16/1956-04/18/1956

[Box 35 Folder 14]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Harvey Cushing Society, New Orleans, LA 04/30/1959-05/02/1959

[Box 35 Folder 15]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Harvey Cushing Society, Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting, Mexico City 04/16/1961-04/19/1961

[Box 35 Folder 16]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Influence of Lobotomy on Drug Addiction due to Pain, Southern Neurological Society, Nashville, TN 02/04/1060-02/06/1960

[Box 35 Folder 17]

James Watts Papers

[Box 36]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Influence of Malpractice Suits on Surgery, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Baltimore, MD [1/2] 03/10/1958-03/13/1958

[Box 36 Folder 1]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Influence of Malpractice Suits on Surgery, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Baltimore, MD [2/2] 03/10/1958-03/13/1958

[Box 36 Folder 2]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Injuries to Spinal Cord Upper Lumbar Spine, International College of Surgeons 1957

[Box 36 Folder 3]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Intelligence Following Prefrontal Lobotomy in Obsessive Tension States (with Freeman), Philadelphia Neurological Society 03/1944

[Box 36 Folder 4]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Intelligence Following Prefrontal Lobotomy in Obsessive Tension States, Harvey Cushing Society, New York 05/17/1944-05/18/1944

[Box 36 Folder 5]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: International College of Surgeons conferences 1946-1947

[Box 36 Folder 6]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: International College of Surgeons, Sao Paulo, Brazil 04/1954

[Box 36 Folder 7]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: International College of Surgeons, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 10/1956

[Box 36 Folder 8]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: International College of Surgeons, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia 02/10/1957-02/13/1957

[Box 36 Folder 9]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: International Conference on Psychosurgery, Lisbon 08/03/1948-08/07/1948

[Box 36 Folder 10]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Interstate Medical Association of North America, Cleveland, Ohio 11/09/1948-11/12/1948

[Box 36 Folder 11]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Involutional Melancholia, West Virginia Academy of General Practice, Charleston, West Virginia 05/16/1953-05/17/1953

[Box 36 Folder 12]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Lecture to nurses on history of neurosurgical technics, George Washington University 02/06/1980

[Box 36 Folder 13]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Lecture on Psychosurgery, University of Virginia 04/16/1952

[Box 36 Folder 14]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Lectures on psychosurgery and pain, Veterans Hospital, Albuquerque, NM 02/14/1949-02/15/1949

[Box 36 Folder 15]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 10/12/1958-10/17/1958

[Box 36 Folder 16]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Meig’s Society, Philadelphia 1948

[Box 36 Folder 17]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: National Cancer Conference, Memphis, Tennessee 02/25/1949-02/27/1949

[Box 36 Folder 18]
James Watts Papers

[Box 37]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Neurological Treatment of Tic Douloureux and Intractable Pain, Medical Society of the District of Columbia 02/15/1955-02/17/1955

[Box 37 Folder 1]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Orientation Program for First Year Medical Students 09/16/1958-09/19/1958

[Box 37 Folder 2]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Post Graduate Symposium on Surgery, University of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 10/1956

[Box 37 Folder 3]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy: The Critical Plane of Section, Harvey Cushing Society, Kansas City, MO 05/02/1940-05/04/1940

[Box 37 Folder 4]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Pre Frontal Lobotomy: Factors Influencing the Prognosis, Tri-State Medical Association, Richmond, VA 02/25/1946-02/26/1946

[Box 37 Folder 5]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy: Six Years Experience, with Walter Freeman, Southern Medical Association 11/10/1942-11/12/1942

[Box 37 Folder 6]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Certain Mental Disorders, GW Faculty luncheon 10/31/1936

[Box 37 Folder 7]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Unbearable Pain, Tri-State Medical Association, Greensboro, North Carolina 03/03/1947-03/04/1947

[Box 37 Folder 8]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Proceedings of the First Postgraduate Course in Psychosurgery, GW School of Medicine 01/24/1949-01/28/1949

[Box 37 Folder 9]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Program from Third International Congress of Neurological Surgery, Copenhagen 08/22/1965-08/27/1965

[Box 37 Folder 10]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Tulsa. Oklahoma 05/15/1947-05/16/1947

[Box 37 Folder 11]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Fort Logan, Colorado 02/16/1949

[Box 37 Folder 12]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: A 20 Year Follow-up of the Freeman-Watts Series, Tenth Anniversary Meeting of the Nacional Instituto Neurologia, Mexico City [1/2] 11/03/1974-11/08/1974

[Box 37 Folder 13]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: A 20 Year Follow-up of the Freeman-Watts Series, Tenth Anniversary Meeting of the Nacional Instituto Neurologia, Mexico City [2/2] 11/03/1974-11/08/1974

[Box 37 Folder 14]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: Accomplishments, Limitations, and Risks in the Management of Intractable Pain, American Medical Association, Atlantic City, NJ 06/11/1951-06/15/1951

[Box 37 Folder 15]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: Accomplishments, Limitations, and Risks in the Management of Intractable Pain, First Mexican Conference of Neurological Surgery 11/1952

[Box 37 Folder 16]

James Watts Papers

[Box 38]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery: Effect on Certain Mental Symptoms of Surgical Interruption of Pathways in the Frontal Lobe (with Walter Freeman), AMA section on Nervous and Mental Diseases, Atlantic City, NJ 06/09/1937

[Box 38 Folder 1]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery for the Relief of Unbearable Pain, with Walter Freeman, International College of Surgeons, Washington, DC 12/07/1945

[Box 38 Folder 2]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Psychosurgery program for The National Presbyterian Center 07/06/1973

[Box 38 Folder 3]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Recent Observations on the diagnosis and Pathologic Anatomy of Posterior Fossa Meningiomas, Symposium to honor Dr. A. Earl Walker, Johns Hopkins 04/07/1967-04/08/1967

[Box 38 Folder 4]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Recent Progress in Neurosurgery, Medical Arts Society of the District of Columbia 03/14/1940

[Box 38 Folder 5]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Rehabilitation Following Injury to the Spinal Cord, International College of Surgeons, Mexico City 02/23/1957-03/01/1957

[Box 38 Folder 6]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Rehabilitation of Mental Patients by Prefrontal Lobotomy, St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, Richmond, VA 01/27/1941

[Box 38 Folder 7]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Relation of the Cerebral Cortex to Urinary Incontinence, American Psychiatric Association 05/13/1935

[Box 38 Folder 8]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Saint Albans Sanatorium, Radford, Virginia 04/18/1947

[Box 38 Folder 9]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Second National Conference on World Health, World Health Organization, Washington, DC 05/07/2959-05/09/1959

[Box 38 Folder 10]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Southern Medical Association, St. Louis, MO 10/31/1060-11/03/1960

[Box 38 Folder 11]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Southeastern Surgical Congress, Baltimore, Maryland 03/10/1958-03/13/1958

[Box 38 Folder 12]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Stroke workshop, Washington Hospital Center 04/13/1970

[Box 38 Folder 13]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Surgery of the Intervertebral Disc, International College of Surgeons 09/16/1953

[Box 38 Folder 14]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Surgery for Pain Relief, GW Medical School 03/22/1955

[Box 38 Folder 15]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Symposium on Neurology, Freiberg, Germany 07/05/1054-07/10/1954

[Box 38 Folder 16]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Teaching of Neurosurgery in the United States of America, 1st Mexican Congress of Neurological Surgery 09/29/1969-10/03/1969

[Box 38 Folder 17]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Teaching of Neurosurgery in the United States with comments on Programs in Other Countries, Neurosurgical Associates of Pittsburgh 04/1970

[Box 38 Folder 18]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Thorotrast in Neurological Diagnosis, Baltimore Neurological Society 01/1941

[Box 38 Folder 19]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Tri State Medical Association, Old Point Comfort, Virginia 02/21/1955-02/22/1955

[Box 38 Folder 20]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: The Value of Combining Sedation of the Central and Autonomic Nervous Systems in the Treatment of Epilepsy, District of Columbia Medical Society 04/15/1937

[Box 38 Folder 21]

James Watts Papers

[Box 39]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Veteran’s Administration Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico 1948-1955

[Box 39 Folder 1]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Veteran’s Administration Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico 1950

[Box 39 Folder 2]
Conferences, Papers, Lectures: VA Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 02/1949-07/1949

[Box 39 Folder 3]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Visual Fields, Pupils, and other Ocular Signs Associated with Tumors of the Lateral Geniculate Body and Superior Colliculus, Washington, DC Ophthalmological Society 03/01/1937

[Box 39 Folder 4]

Conferences, Papers, Lectures: Working Ability after Lobotomy, Southern Medical Association 11/05/1951-11/08/1951

[Box 39 Folder 5]
Research: Anterior Scalen Syndrome 1945 ca.

[Box 39 Folder 6]
Research: Bilateral Prefrontal Area Amputation in Monkey 1937

[Box 39 Folder 7]
Research: Frontal Lobe Tumors notes 1935 ca.

[Box 39 Folder 8]
Research: Frontal Lobe Tumors (paper "A Systematic Survey of 105 Verified Tumors involving the Frontal Lobe Alone," by Charles Frazier) 1935

[Box 39 Folder 9]
Research: Information Blank, Cerebral Palsy Consultation Clinic 1940 ca.

[Box 39 Folder 10]
Research: Lobotomy Operative Results [Schraeder’s lobotomies]

[Box 39 Folder 11]
Research: Low Back Pain Associated with Sciatic Pain, 100 Consecutive Cases 1955 ca.

[Box 39 Folder 12]
Research: Maternal Behavior of Lobotomized Mothers: A Study by G.K. Sharaf 1945-48 03/1949

[Box 39 Folder 13]
Research: Notebook on research surgery 1933-1934

[Box 39 Folder 14]
James Watts Papers

[Box 40]
Research: Notebook on research surgery on cats 1934

[Box 40 Folder 1]
Research: Psychosurgery Neurological Aspects 1952 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 2]
Research: Report of Dr. Watts’ Transorbital Lobotomy cases

[Box 40 Folder 3]
Research: Some Aspects of Treatment of Epilepsy with Drugs 1935

[Box 40 Folder 4]
Research: Statistics on lobotomies 1957 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 5]
Research: Study of the Use of Psychosurgery in the United States by Miriam Kelly 1974 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 6]
Research: Thalamus 1950 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 7]
Research: The Treatment of Epilepsy: Non-Surgical 1936 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 8]
Photographs: 50th year reunion of Watts’ class at VMI 05/1974

[Box 40 Folder 9]
Photographs: Building used for meetings on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 10]
Photographs: Cushing Society, 70th birthday of Harvey Cushing 1939

[Box 40 Folder 11]
Photographs: Five men talking at meeting on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 12]
Photographs: Former residents of James Watts’ who appear in the oil portrait of Watts by Robert Fantuzzi 1965 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 13]
Photographs: Four men talking on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 14]
Photographs: Group of men talking on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 15]
Photographs: James and Julia Watts with family members 1968-1969

[Box 40 Folder 16]
Photographs: James Watts (in foreground) with other men on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 17]
Photographs: James Watts (left) with man on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 18]
Photographs: James Watts (left) with two men on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 19]
Photographs: James Watts (middle) in surgical gown conferring with other doctors 1955 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 20]
Photographs: James Watts (middle) with two men on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 21]
Photographs: James Watts and family members 1920ca.-1950-- --ca.

[Box 40 Folder 22]
Photographs: James Watts at dinner with colleagues (negatives included) 03/1964

[Box 40 Folder 23]
Photographs: James Watts at podium of dinner party 1950 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 24]
Photographs: James Watts looking at materials related to lobotomy on exhibit at Himmelfarb Library 1982

[Box 40 Folder 25]
Photographs: James Watts sitting at his office desk 1982

[Box 40 Folder 26]
Photographs: James Watts standing before oil portrait by Robert Fantuzzi, in Himmelfarb Library 1982

[Box 40 Folder 27]
Photographs: James Watts with another man at a conference 1960 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 28]
Photographs: Large group of men with Watts in front row (facing forward) on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 29]
Photographs: Large group of men with Watts in front row (facing forward) on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 30]
Photographs: Large group of men with Watts in front row (facing right) on Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 31]
Photographs: Oil portrait of James Watts by Robert Fantuzzi in Himmelfarb Library (with text describing it) 1970 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 32]
Photographs: Unidentified

[Box 40 Folder 33]
Photographs: Unitarian Services, Inc. trip to Germany 1954

[Box 40 Folder 34]
Photographs: Watts on boat with others 1955 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 35]
Photographs: Three men listening to a lecture 1975 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 36]
Negatives: Unidentified scenes 1950 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 37]
Negatives: Winston Watts 08/1941

[Box 40 Folder 38]
Slides: James Watts and other men 03/1964

[Box 40 Folder 39]
Postcards: Pictures of Egaz Moniz’ home from Dr. Alcinda de Aguiar 1950 ca.

[Box 40 Folder 40]
Lantern slide: Cartoon from New York Times, "French Premier and E.D.C. As Mr. Low Sees the Situation," 08/22/1954

[Box 40 Folder 41]
James Watts Papers

[Box 41]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W1

[Box 41 Folder 1]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W2

[Box 41 Folder 2]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W3

[Box 41 Folder 3]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W4

[Box 41 Folder 4]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W5

[Box 41 Folder 5]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W6

[Box 41 Folder 6]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W7

[Box 41 Folder 7]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W8

[Box 41 Folder 8]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W9

[Box 41 Folder 9]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W10

[Box 41 Folder 10]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W11

[Box 41 Folder 11]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview; M88-105 W12

[Box 41 Folder 12]
Videotape and film: Interview: Watts/Ammerman, Tape 1; M88-105 W13 12/14/1988

[Box 41 Folder 13]
Videotape and film: Interview: Watts/Ammerman, Tape 2; M88-105 W14 12/14/1988

[Box 41 Folder 14]
Videotape and film: Interview: Watts/Ammerman, Tape 3; M88-105 W15 12/14/1988

[Box 41 Folder 15]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview, M88-105 W16 12/21/1988

[Box 41 Folder 16]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview, M88-105 W17 12/21/1988

[Box 41 Folder 17]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview, M88-105 W18 12/21/1988

also labeled 88-137-W10 and includes date 01/11/89

[Box 41 Folder 18]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview, M88-105 W19 01/11/1989

[Box 41 Folder 19]
Videotape and film: oral history transcript, interviewed by Thomas M. Perry 1979

[Box 41 Folder 20]
James Watts Papers

[Box 42]
Videotape and film: Dr. Watts interview, M88-105 W20 12/21/1988

labeled B Roll for Dr. Watts

[Box 42 Folder 1]
Videotape and film: Psychosurgery Oral History, Part I; Interview with James W. Watts, M.D.and Harvey H. Ammerman, M.D. (M88-105)

[Box 42 Folder 2]
Videotape and film: Psychosurgery Oral History, Part II; Interview with James W. Watts, M.D.and Harvey H. Ammerman, M.D. (M88-105)

[Box 42 Folder 3]
Videotape and film (U-matic tape): Freeman and Watts - Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders Produced (TRT:15:00) 1941

[Box 42 Folder 4]
Videotape and film (VHS tape): Copy of Freeman and Watts - Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders

[Box 42 Folder 5]
Videotape and film (DVD): Copy of Freeman and Watts - Prefrontal Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders

[Box 42 Folder 6]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Prefrontal Lobotomy in the treatment of Mental Disorders 1942

400’ reel, color positive

[Box 42 Folder 7]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Film of Dr. Freeman Narrating 100’ reel, color positive, Walter Freeman

[Box 42 Folder 8]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Nurse and man in robe at table

100’ reel, color positive

[Box 42 Folder 9]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Nurse and woman in underwear

100’ reel, color positive

[Box 42 Folder 10]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Arm against a blue backdrop

100’ reel, color positive

[Box 42 Folder 11]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Black man seated, shirtless

100’ reel, color positive

[Box 42 Folder 12]
Videotape and film (16 mm film): Dark haired man in suit

100’ reel, black and white

[Box 42 Folder 13]
James Watts Papers

[Box 43]
Artifacts: Small brown case containing engraved Wappler Electric Company contains ophthalmoscope and other small tools

[Box 43 Folder 1]
Artifacts: Plaque Hospital Nacional Neuroligia to Watts for his contributions to neurological science 1964

[Box 43 Folder 2]
Artifacts: Small brown case containing engraved National contains ophthalmoscope and other small tools

[Box 43 Folder 3]
Artifacts: Putnam ventriculoscope, Electro-Medical Laboratory Inc.

[Box 43 Folder 4]
Artifacts: Framed poem by Ruth Donahue titled "Hands"

[Box 43 Folder 5]
Artifacts: Photographic plate mounted on block of wood contains before, immediately after and much later shots of female lobotomy patient

[Box 43 Folder 6]
Artifacts: Photographic plate mounted on block of wood - surgery on head

[Box 43 Folder 7]
Artifacts: Photographic plate mounted on block of wood - surgical tools

[Box 43 Folder 8]
Artifacts: Radical stab incisor, engraved "Watts-Freeman" (known as 'butterknives’)

[Box 43 Folder 9]
Artifacts: Radical stab incisor, engraved "Dr. J. W. Watts" (known as 'butterknives’)

[Box 43 Folder 10]
Artifacts: Medal given to Dr. J. W. Watts at the International Congress of Neurology, Lisbon, Portugal 1953

[Box 43 Folder 11]
Artifacts: Small box containing seven tools, including hand drill and periosteal elevator (?), labeled Jetter & Scheerer, Germany

[Box 43 Folder 12]

Artifacts: Electric drill and bits used in surgery [Watts??] labeled "power tool and blades for lobotomy" (Codman & Shurtleff, Inc - Makers - Boston, Mass.)

[Box 43 Folder 13]

[Return to Descriptive Summary]

MS0803/003: Publications - General

1 Linear foot

This series contains publications by authors other than Freeman and Watts, and focus primarily on the subject of psychosurgery. Prominent authors include: Sadao Hirose, John Fulton, and Egas Moniz. Not all of the articles are listed at the folder level. The material ranges in date from 1928-75.

Publications-General

[Box 44]

Publications General A: Ascenzi, Antonio Relationship between Prefrontal Lobes and Thymus (1961); Ackerly, Spafford Instinctive, Emotional and Mental Changes Following Prefrontal Lobe Extirpation (1935); et al 1935-1961

[Box 44 Folder 1]

Publications General B: Bowman, Karl Do Our Medical Colleagues Know What to Expect from Psychotherapy? (1954); Brody, Eugene The Response of Schizophrenic Patients to Comic Cartoons (1953); Bailey, Percival The Great Psychiatric Revolution (1956); et al 1954-1975

[Box 44 Folder 2]

Publications General C: Cattell, James The Alterations of Ego Functioning After Topectomy (1952); Cooper, Brian Psychiatric Practice in Great Britain and America: A Comparative Study (1967); Constantindes, C.D. Prefrontal Leucotomy (1954); et al 1949-1967

[Box 44 Folder 3]

Publications General D: Dynes, John Lobotomy Twenty Years Later (1968 - with correspondence); Diamond, L.S. Results of Lobotomy in Chronic Psychosis (1954); Demille, Richard Intellect After Lobotomy in Schizophrenia (1962); et al 1954-1968

[Box 44 Folder 4]

Publications General E: Elithorn, Alick Prefrontal Leucotomy and the Anticipation of Pain (1955); and Autonomic Changes After Unilateral Leucotomy (1954); et al 1953-1956

[Box 44 Folder 5]

Publications General F: Fulton, J.E. The Functions of the Frontal Lobes, A Compaative Study in Monkeys, Chimpanzees and Man (1935); Fernandes, Barahona Egas Moniz and the Pre-frontal Leucotomy (1959); Freyhan, F.A. Prefrontal Lobotomy and Transorbital Leucotomy: A Comparative Study of 175 Patients (1954); Freyhan, F.A. Course and Outcome in Schizophrenia (1955); et al (most in Italian) 1935-1959

[Box 44 Folder 6]

Publications General G: Greenblatt, Milton Lobotomy in Mental Disease Indications and Results (1954); Gardner, Alexander Transorbital Leucotomy in Noninstituional Cases (1957); et al 1954-1967

[Box 44 Folder 7]

Publications General H: Hirose, Sadao Present Trends in Psychosurgery (1966); Hirose, Sadao Safer Target for Psychosurgery? (1966); Hirose, Sadao Orbitro-Ventromedial Undercutting 1957-63 (1964) 1954-1966

[Box 44 Folder 8]

Publications General J: Jackson, C.L. Some Prognostic Factors in 538 Transorbital Lobotomy Cases (1954); James, G.W.B. Theraputic Trauma of the Brain (1951); Jones, Charles H. Transorbital Lobotomy, Preliminary Report of Forty-On Cases (1948); et al 1936-1955

[Box 44 Folder 9]

Publications General K: Kline, Nathan Prognosis in Transorbital Lobotomies Relative to Body Type (1954); Kalinowsky. L.B. Somatic Treatments in Psychiatry (1966); Klotz, Maurice Incidence of Seizures, with EEG Findings, in Prefrontal Lobotomy (1955); et al 1949-1966

[Box 44 Folder 10]

Publications-General

[Box 45]

Publications General L: Legault, Oscar Denial as a Complex Process in Post Lobotomy (1954); Levinson, Freda Personality Changes in Relation to Psychiatric Status following Orbital Cortex Undercutting (1965); Lieberson, W.T. Stimulation Studies of the Prefrontal Lobe and Uncus in Man (1951); et al (many in French) 1951-1968

[Box 45 Folder 1]

Publications General: Moniz, Egas Thromboses of the Internal Carotid Artery and Its Branches (with inscription to James Watts 1947); five others in Portuguese (one regarding Freeman) 1936-1956

[Box 45 Folder 2]

Publications General Mc: McReynolds, Paul The Prediction and Assessment of Psychological Changes Following Prefrontal Lobotomy (1959); McKissock The Present Status of Leucotomy (1960); et al 1954-1964

[Box 45 Folder 3]

Publications General M: Marks, I.M. Modified Leucotomy in Severe Agoraphobia (1966); Mueller, Christian Gottlieb Burckhardt, The Father of Topectomy (1960); Meyer, A. Reflections on the Rationale of Prefrontal Leucotomy and Related Operations (1958); Miller, A. The Lobotomy Patient, A Decade Later (1967); Mueller, Edward Adjustment Levels Following Transorbital Lobotomy (1954); et al 1928-1967

[Box 45 Folder 4]

Publications General N: Negrin, Juan Brain Surgery in Mental Illness(1955); Nelson, Erland Pathological Effects of Ultrasound on the Human Brain (1959); et al 1954-1955

[Box 45 Folder 5]

Publications General O-P: Oltman, Long Term Results of Prefrontal Lobotomy in Schizophrenic Patients (1961); Powell, Charles An Evaluation of Results in 71 Transorbital Lobotomy Cases Five Years Postoperative (1955); Pool, Lawrence Psychosurgery in Older People (1954); Polonio, Pedro Involutional Schizophrenia (1954); et al 1954-1966

[Box 45 Folder 6]

Publications General S: Scoville, William Late Results of Orbital Undercutting (1960); Schmidt, Arnold Rehabilitation and Ethical Values of Lobotomized Patients (1955); Sargant, Willam The Present Indications for Leucotomy (1962); Sagebiel, James Regressive Convulsive Therapy and Lobotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders (1961); Scoville, W.B. The Limbic Lobe in Man (1954); et al 1951-1964

[Box 45 Folder 7]

Publications General T-Z: Thorpe, F.T. Emotional Breakdowns in the Elderly (1959); Tucker, Walter Results of Lobotomy (1961); Tow, P. Macdonald Orbital Leucotomy (1953), Zlotlow, Moses Autoerotic and Homoerotic Manifestations in Hospitalized Male Postlobotomy Patients (1959); et al 1948-1966

[Box 45 Folder 8]

Affiliation agreement, GW and Washington Hospital Center 1966-1967

[Box 45 Folder 9]
Publications-General

[Box 46]
Bibliographic index cards summarizing articles written by researchers on the subject of psychosurgery 1942-1967

arranged alphabetically

[Box 46 Folder 1]

[Return to Descriptive Summary]

MS0803/004: George Washington University Hospital

1.5 Linear feet

This series contains materials dealing with Watts' involvement with the medical school and hospital, including the residency training program and statistics on neurological surgery. This material dates from 1949-68.
- :
  - George Washington University Hospital
    
    [Box 47]
  - American Board of Neurological Surgery correspondence, reports 1964-1968
    
    [Box 47 Folder 1]
  - American Board of Neurological Surgery exam questions 1966
    
    [Box 47 Folder 2]
  - Children’s Hospital 1954
    
    [Box 47 Folder 3]
  - Correspondence with American Board of Neurological Surgery 1967-1969
    
    [Box 47 Folder 4]
  - D.C. General Hospital statistics 1954
    
    [Box 47 Folder 5]
  - D.C. General Hospital statistics 1965
    
    [Box 47 Folder 6]
  - Evaluation of Veterans Administration residency programs 1966
    
    [Box 47 Folder 7]
  - Gallinger Hospital 1948-1951
    
    [Box 47 Folder 8]
  - Helpful hints on neurological surgery board exams for residents 1960
    
    [Box 47 Folder 9]
  - Hospital malpractice claims 1958 ca.
    
    [Box 47 Folder 10]
  - Memos, schedules 1940-1964
    
    [Box 47 Folder 11]
  - Neurobiology course 1976
    
    [Box 47 Folder 12]
  - Neurological residency 1949-1950
    
    [Box 47 Folder 13]
  - Neurological surgery data and worksheets 1954
    
    [Box 47 Folder 14]
  - Neurological residents schedule of rotation 1968-1969
    
    [Box 47 Folder 15]
  - Neurosurgery Training examination 12/10/1966
    
    [Box 47 Folder 16]
  - Physiologic Principles in the Management of Head Injuries, GW Postgraduate program 1956
    
    [Box 47 Folder 17]
  - Residency data from Washington Hospital Center 1959
    
    [Box 47 Folder 18]
  - Residency training at Children’s Hospital 1949-1951
    
    [Box 47 Folder 19]
  - Residency training program 1950-1962
    
    [Box 47 Folder 20]
  - George Washington University Hospital
    
    [Box 48]
  - Residency training program 1951-1952
    
    [Box 48 Folder 1]
  - Residency training program 1953
    
    [Box 48 Folder 2]
  - Residency training program 1953-1954
    
    [Box 48 Folder 3]
  - Residency training program 1953-1961
    
    [Box 48 Folder 4]
  - Residency training program 1954-1957
    
    [Box 48 Folder 5]
  - Residency training program 1955-1956
    
    [Box 48 Folder 6]
  - Residency training program 1954-1960
    
    [Box 48 Folder 7]
  - Residency training program 1961-1963
    
    [Box 48 Folder 8]
  - Residency training program 1961-1966
    
    [Box 48 Folder 9]
  - Rotation of residents 1968-1969
    
    [Box 48 Folder 10]
  - Statistics AMA 1963-1964
    
    [Box 48 Folder 11]
  - Statistics for residents 1957-1960
    
    [Box 48 Folder 12]
  - Statistics on neurological surgery 1954
    
    [Box 48 Folder 13]
  - Statistics on neurological surgery 1960-1961
    
    [Box 48 Folder 14]
  - Statistics on neurological surgery 1957-1963
    
    [Box 48 Folder 15]
  - George Washington University Hospital
    
    [Box 49]
  - Statistics on neurological surgery 1967-1968
    
    [Box 49 Folder 1]
  - Statistics on neurological surgery, for GW affiliated hospitals 1957-1966
    
    [Box 49 Folder 2]
  - Statistics on procedures and examinations 1960-1961
    
    [Box 49 Folder 3]
  - Statistics on the residency program for American Medical Association 1965
    
    [Box 49 Folder 4]
  - Statistics on the residency program for American Medical Association 1967-1968
    
    [Box 49 Folder 5]
  - Surgery for Pain Relief, GW Postgraduate Program 1955
    
    [Box 49 Folder 6]
  - Veterans Administration Hospital 1966
    
    [Box 49 Folder 7]
  - Washington Hospital Center residency training 1965-1966
    
    [Box 49 Folder 8]
[Return to Descriptive Summary]
MS0803/005: Patient Records

51 Linear feet

Please note: this series is unprocessed and is restricted. Please see staff for assistance.
- :
[Return to Descriptive Summary]

A Guide to the Walter Freeman/James Watts, papers

Collection Number Collection number: MS0803

Collection Information

Historical or Biographical Note

Collection Organization

Subject Terms

Detailed Description of the Records

MS0803/001: Walter Freeman Papers

MS0803/002: James Watts Papers

MS0803/003: Publications - General

MS0803/004: George Washington University Hospital

MS0803/005: Patient Records